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Unit 10 Part 2
Ch 18 Secs 2-4
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Crusades | a long series of wars between Christians and Muslims in Southwest Asia |
Holy Land | Palestine; the region where Jesus had lived, preached, and died |
Pope Urban II | leader of the Roman Catholic Church who called on Christians from all over Europe to retake the Holy Land from the Muslim Turks |
First Crusade | only Crusade won by the Christian Crusaders |
Richard I (the Lion Heart) | King of England who led the Third Crusade and negotiated protection for Christian pilgrims |
Saladin | leader of the Muslim forces in the Third Crusade known for his chivalry |
clergy | church officials |
religious order | a group of people who dedicate their lives to religion |
Francis of Assisi | friar who lived a simple life and cared for people and animals; founder of the Franciscan Order |
friars | people who belonged to a religious order but lived and worked among the general public |
Thomas Aquinas | a Dominican philosopher who argued that rational thought could be used to support Christian beliefs |
natural law | a law that governed how the world worked |
Magna Carta | document signed by the king in 1215 listing rights of English nobles |
Parliament | the highest law-making body in the United Kingdom today |
Hundred Years' War | a long conflict between England and France |
Joan of Arc | peasant girl who led French to victory at the battle of Orleans in 1429 |
Black Death | a deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351 |