click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Med.Term C14 Vocab
Chabner, Language of Medicine 11th edition-Chapter 14 Vocabulary
Vocabulary | Meaning |
---|---|
adaptive immunity | Ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them |
adenoids | Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx |
antibody | Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens |
antigen | Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an immune response |
axillary nodes | Lymph nodes in the armpit |
B cell (B lymphocyte) | Lymphocyte that matures into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies |
cell-mediated immunity | T cells that respond to antigens and destroy them |
cervical nodes | Lymph nodes in the neck region |
complement system | Proteins in the blood that help antibodies and kill their target |
cytokines | Proteins secreted by cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction |
cytotoxic T cell (CD8+ T cell) | Lymphocyte that directly kills antigens |
dendritic cell | Antigen-presenting cell; shows T and B cells what to attack |
helper T cell (CD4+ T cell) | Lymphocyte that aids B cells and stimulates T cells |
humoral immunity | B cells produce antibodies after exposure to specific antigens; type of adaptive immunity |
immunity | Body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins that damage tissues and organs |
immunoglobulins | Antibodies secreted by plasma cells in response to the presence of an antigen |
immunotherapy | Use of immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat or prevent disease |
inguinal nodes | Lymph nodes in the groin region |
interferons | Proteins secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate the immune response |
interleukins | Proteins that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes |
interstitial fluid | Fluid in the spaces between cells; becomes lymph in lymph capillaries |
lymph | Thin, watery fluid within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body |
lymph capillaries | Tiniest lymphatic vessels |
lymphoid organs | Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland |
lymph node | Collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels |
lymph vessel | Carrier of lymph throughout the body |
macrophage | Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body |
mediastinal nodes | Lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic cavity |
mesenteric nodes | Lymph nodes in the mesentery |
monoclonal antibody | An antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens and to destroy cells |
natural immunity | Protection that an individual is born with to fight infection |
paraaortic nodes | Lymph nodes near the aorta in the lumbar area of the body |
plasma cell | Lymphocyte that secretes antibodies; matures from B lymphocytes |
right lymphatic duct | Vessel in the chest that drains lymph from the upper right part of body; empties into large neck vein |
spleen | Organ in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that destroys worn-out RBCs, activates lymphocytes, and stores blood |
suppressor T cell (Treg) | Lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T cells |
T cell (T lymphocyte) | Lymphocyte that acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produces chemicals toxic to antigens |
tolerance | Ability of T lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body’s own antigens as “self” or friendly |
thoracic duct | Drains lymph from the lower and left side of body; empties into large veins in neck |
thymus gland | Lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react to foreign cells |
tonsils | Masses of lymphatic tissue in back of the oropharynx |
toxin | Poison; a protein produced by certain bacteria, animals, or plants |
vaccination | Exposure of an individual to an antigen that provokes an immune response that will destroy any cell with the antigen and will protect against infection |
vaccine | Weakened or killed microorganisms, toxins, or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease |