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Med.Term C14 Vocab

Chabner, Language of Medicine 11th edition-Chapter 14 Vocabulary

VocabularyMeaning
adaptive immunity Ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them
adenoids Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
antibody Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens
antigen Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an immune response
axillary nodes Lymph nodes in the armpit
B cell (B lymphocyte) Lymphocyte that matures into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies
cell-mediated immunity T cells that respond to antigens and destroy them
cervical nodes Lymph nodes in the neck region
complement system Proteins in the blood that help antibodies and kill their target
cytokines Proteins secreted by cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction
cytotoxic T cell (CD8+ T cell) Lymphocyte that directly kills antigens
dendritic cell Antigen-presenting cell; shows T and B cells what to attack
helper T cell (CD4+ T cell) Lymphocyte that aids B cells and stimulates T cells
humoral immunity B cells produce antibodies after exposure to specific antigens; type of adaptive immunity
immunity Body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins that damage tissues and organs
immunoglobulins Antibodies secreted by plasma cells in response to the presence of an antigen
immunotherapy Use of immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat or prevent disease
inguinal nodes Lymph nodes in the groin region
interferons Proteins secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate the immune response
interleukins Proteins that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes
interstitial fluid Fluid in the spaces between cells; becomes lymph in lymph capillaries
lymph Thin, watery fluid within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body
lymph capillaries Tiniest lymphatic vessels
lymphoid organs Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland
lymph node Collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels
lymph vessel Carrier of lymph throughout the body
macrophage Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body
mediastinal nodes Lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic cavity
mesenteric nodes Lymph nodes in the mesentery
monoclonal antibody An antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens and to destroy cells
natural immunity Protection that an individual is born with to fight infection
paraaortic nodes Lymph nodes near the aorta in the lumbar area of the body
plasma cell Lymphocyte that secretes antibodies; matures from B lymphocytes
right lymphatic duct Vessel in the chest that drains lymph from the upper right part of body; empties into large neck vein
spleen Organ in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that destroys worn-out RBCs, activates lymphocytes, and stores blood
suppressor T cell (Treg) Lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T cells
T cell (T lymphocyte) Lymphocyte that acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produces chemicals toxic to antigens
tolerance Ability of T lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body’s own antigens as “self” or friendly
thoracic duct Drains lymph from the lower and left side of body; empties into large veins in neck
thymus gland Lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react to foreign cells
tonsils Masses of lymphatic tissue in back of the oropharynx
toxin Poison; a protein produced by certain bacteria, animals, or plants
vaccination Exposure of an individual to an antigen that provokes an immune response that will destroy any cell with the antigen and will protect against infection
vaccine Weakened or killed microorganisms, toxins, or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease
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