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7.1 Shifting power
AP World History 7.1 Shifting power after 1900
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Who dominated the global order at the beginning of the 20th century? | The West dominated the global political order at the beginning of the 20th century, but both land-based and maritime empires gave way to new states by the century’s end. |
What proved to the West that they were defeatable? | Both world wars exhaust West and show colonies they were defeatable; wars would arm colonies; does the west still dominate? |
Who held the top economies in 1900? | Year 1900 top economies: US, China, UK, India, Germany, Russia (US 500+, other five 200+), see web pages global OUP, also Mt Holyoke and visual capitalist |
How many nations formed the UN in 1945? | handful of nations, about 50 formed UN 1945, now 200 |
What empires collapsed due to internal and external factors? | The older, land-based Ottoman, Russian, and Qing empires collapsed due toThese changes in Russia eventually led to communist revolution. |
What caused the communist revolution in Russia? | a combination of internal and external factors caused changes in Russia that eventually led to communist revolution. |
What were the Internal and external factors for Russia? | Russia: Tsars for centuries, serfs “freed” 1860s, anarchists losing WWI, Feb revolution 1917, new provisional government stayed in war |
What did communists promise the people? | communists promised peace, land, bread; recall French revolution: liberty, equality, fraternity Oct revolution, communists took over 1917; exited WWI |
Who did Lenin and his follower win against? | civil war between reds and whites (non-communists), Lenin and his followers won, 70 years of far greater destruction (but industrialized) will say more about this in cold war |
Qing shifting power | Qing: European intrusion, Taiping, failed self-strengthening, Cixi fall of Qing 1911, 40 years of civil war to 1949, communists won |
Ottoman shifting power | Ottoman: sick man of Europe, failed Tanzimat, lost WWI Mustapha Kemal Ataturk, more secular; map 1800-1900; see web page liberating narratives |
what countries are now what the Ottoman used to be? | Balkans, N Africa, Middle East |
Who challenged the existing political social order around the world? | States around the world challenged the existing political and social order, including the Mexican Revolution that arose as a result of political crisis. |
What was the Mexican Revolution a reaction to? When did it happen? | Mexican Revolution that arose as a result of political crisis. Mexican Revolution: 100 years after independence, Diaz dictator, most very poor |
Who led Mexico between 1910-1920? | military conflict 1910-1920, many changes of leadership (most assassinated) |
PRI? | PRI; more land for peasants/labor opportunities |
What was the US's answer to the Mexican Revolution? What document was formed in 1917? | US intervention, new constitution 1917 by 1940 limited church power, more literacy one party: |