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Path Skeletal
Pathologies of the Skeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Osgood-Schlatter disease | irritation and inflammation at the site of the quadriceps attachment on the tibia |
| Osteoporosis | calcium is pulled off the bones faster than it isreplaced, leaving them thin, brittle, and prone to injury. |
| Hyperkyphosis | an overdeveloped thoracic curve. |
| Hyperlordosis | an overdeveloped lumbar curve |
| Scoliosis | the spine deviates more than 10° to one side or the other |
| Adhesive Capsulitis | “frozen shoulder,” is a conditionin which the connective tissues that surround the gleno-humeral joint become inflamed and then thickened andrestrictive |
| Baker’s Cysts | synovial cysts found in the popliteal fossa, usually on the medial side |
| Gout | a type of joint inflammation related to chemical imbalances, particularly uric acid |
| Subluxation | the bones are out of optimal alignment, but the joint capsule is intact |
| Dislocation | describes articulating bones that are no longer touching; usually because of trauma |
| Hip Dysplasia | formation of abnormal acetabulum or femoral head; increased risk of subluxation and dislocation |
| Arthroplasty | also called joint replacement surgery, is aprocedure designed to repair articulating surfaces withina synovial joint |
| Lyme Disease | an infection caused by a spirochetalbacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi. final outcome is associated with extreme inflammation of one or more large joints |
| Osteoarthritis | a condition in which synovial joints, especially weight-bearing joints, lose healthy cartilage. |
| Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome | a group of condi-tions in which the patellar cartilage becomes irritated as it contacts the femoral cartilage. |
| Spondylolisthesis | a structural problem in the lumbar spine allows one or more vertebral bodies to slip anteriorly |
| Spondylosis | a form of degenerative arthritis, involving age-related changes of the vertebrae, discs, joints, and ligaments of the spine |
| Sprain | tears to ligaments, the fibrous connective tissue strapping tape that links bone to bone throughout the body |
| Temporomandibular Joint Disorders | (TMD) disorders include amultitude of common problems in and around (the jaw |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | a set of signs and symp-toms brought about by entrapment of the median nervebetween the carpal bones of the wrist and the transversecarpal ligament that holds down the flexor tendons |
| Disk Herniation | The nucleus pulposus extends beyond the margin of the vertebral body |
| Degenerative disc disease | refers to small, cumulative tears of the annulus, along with decreased disc height and dehydration of the nucleus |
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