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Phlebotomy Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| light blue | sodium nitrate |
| gray | sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate |
| You have to complete a difficult microcollection draw. Which of the following tubes would you most likely use? | Greiner Bio-One white ring tube cap |
| Gloves are not required while | transporting specimens to the lab |
| jaundice | icterus a condition caused by increased bilirubin |
| Freshly dyed areas could be easily infected | tattooed |
| anticoagulant | agent that prevents blood clotting |
| gauge | needle diameter or bore |
| winged infusion set | also known as a butterfly needle |
| Evacuated tube | closed collection tube containing a premeasured vacuum |
| evacuated tube holder | plastic holder for both the needle and the blood collection tube. |
| safe needle device | covers the needle after specimen collection |
| EDTA | purple, pink, and tan |
| Clot activatior | gold,red |
| the term evacuated tube refers to a venipuncture collection tube that | contains a vacuum |
| the purpose of an anticoagulant in a blood collection container is to | prevent from clotting |
| needles used with evacuated tube systems have | double end, continuous shaft, and rubber sleeve |
| to avoid contamination of sterile speciemens | sterile tubes should be collected first |
| Which tube is drawn first? | SPS yellow topped tube |
| Interfering substances that may contaminate specimens for coagulation testing may be introduced into specimens except when | nonadditive tubes are collected first |
| The depth of a dermal puncture device is controlled during capillary collection in order to | avoid puncturing bone |
| A grey topped tube contains | an antiglycolytic agent |
| EDTA is found in what tubes | lavender, pink, tan, white |
| Tubes with a gel separation barrier may also contain | heparin, EDTA, clot activator |
| When collecting blood using a butterfly assembly which tubes must have a discard tube drawn prior to their filling | light blue |
| if gray, green, and lavender tubes are needed the order | green, lavender, gray |
| Billirubin | Amber bag, product of break down of RBCs |
| Diurnal/circadian | happening daily, or having a 24-hour cycle |
| edema | abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissue |
| Hematoma | swelling of mass of blood caused by leaking from blood vessel |
| hemoconcentration | A decrease in the fluid content of the blood, with a subsequent increase in nonfilterable components |
| Icteric | term used to describe a specimen marked by jaundice |
| Lipemic | Term that describes serum or plasma that has a milky look |
| petechiae | tiny non-raised red spots that appear on the skin |
| preanalytical | prior to analysis |
| sclerosed | Hard, cord-like, and lacking resilience |
| Increased risk of thrombosis | paralyzed arm |
| Site may be painful and susceptible to infection | recently burned antecubital area |
| impaired circulation could affect test results | vein that feels sclerosed |
| thixotropic gel | red, yellow |
| If red, yellow, and light blue tube tubes are needed, which is the correct order of draw. | light blue, yellow, red |
| When performing a venipuncture on a patient with small veins the best size of needle to use is | 22 |
| An alcohol prep pad is | A bacteriostatic preventing contamination of the puncture site |
| blood specimens for coagulation testing are collected in | fluoride |
| gel separation barriers are in what tubes? | Gold, Light green, tan |
| Basal state | resting metabolic state, morning after fasting, 12 hrs |
| hemolysis | RBC destruction |
| IV | catheter with a stopcock/cap for delivering medication |
| reference ranges | Normal laboratory test values for healthy individuals |
| reflux | backward flow |
| syncope | fainting |
| thrombosed | Clotted, or denoting a vessel containing a clot |
| venous stasis | stagnation or stoppage of the normal blood flow |
| Specimen could be contaminated by hemolyzed blood | arm with a large hematoma |
| Skin could be injured by tourniquet application | edematous arm |
| results could be affected by lymphostasis | mastectomy on that side of the body |
| Could mean veins are deeper than normal | obese arm |
| Noscominal | health care facility |
| PPE includes following except | eyewash |
| double bagging | placing biohazardous material into a bag then that bag into another bag |
| A common allergy found in blood collection equipment is | latex |
| For which of the following diseases or conditions might a hospital routinely test patients being admitted to the hospital | MRSA |
| A patient in which type of isolation is the least likely to transmit disease to the phlebotomist | protective |
| A fomite is | contaminated object |
| A phlebotomist enters a room to draw blood on a patient undergoing care for an infected wound. The site of the wound and its bandages are considered which link | Portal of exit |
| Removing PPE | gloves, goggles, gown ,mask |
| Donning PPE | gown, mask, goggles, gloves |
| One critical step in preventing HAI | Wash hands |
| susceptible host | person at risk for developing infection |
| Portal of Entry | break in skin, nose, mouth and so on |
| mode of transmission | Droplet, Airborne, or direct contact |
| Portal of exit | oozing skin, cough ,urine specimen |
| reservoir | site or person in which the pathogen grows |
| Infectious agents (pathogens) | disease producing microorganism |
| Chain of Infection | factors that lead to the transmission or spread of disease |
| Standard precautions | treat everything as if possibly infectious |
| Regulatory agencies that set standards for infection control | CDC, JCAHO |
| antibotic resistant bacteria | MRSA, Cdiff |
| chain of custody | A list of all people who came into possession of an item of evidence |
| Banned by NCAA | Narcotics, Cannabises, acholic beta blockers |
| Window of detection | Period of time after using the drug that is detectible |
| Drug Metabolite | Product of what the body did with the drug |
| Confirmatory | If screening is positive more labor intensive, does not show how often drug use |
| Drug Analysis | rapid, straightforward CLIA waived test |
| BAC | concentration of alcohol in the blood |
| Work place that does drug testing | DOT, DOD, and FRA |
| HCW | Health Care Worker |
| Quantitative | Physical number |
| Qualitative | Substance there or not, Positive or Negative |
| Adulteration | tampering with a specimen |
| Abuse | take advantage, physical dependence |
| 5 examples of forensic specimens | Hair, Urine, Bones, Cheek swab, Nails |
| Forensic specimens | Substances involved in civil or criminal legal cases |
| Toxicology | Study of poisons (including drugs), detection, actions in human body, treatment of their effects |
| Forensic Toxicology | Testing specimens for poisons or drugs of abuse in legal cases |
| Label the specimen containers with required ID, including the site of collection | Notation of site location is necessary because there may be an isolated infection in that area. |
| Inoculate the media bottles as required | Inoculation of the medium can occur directly into the bottle or after collection when a syringe was used |
| Reapply tourniquet and preform venipuncture without touching site | Ensuring antiseptic technique and sterility of the site is critical to accurate diagnosis |
| Mark the minimum and maximum fill on the culture bottles | BC bottles have a vacuum, but it is not always measured as in evacuated tubes |
| Cleanse the culture bottle stoppers while the site is drying | The tops of the culture bottles must be free of contaminants when they are inoculated |
| Allow site to air dry | Antisepsis does not occur instantly |
| Preform friction scrub as prescribed | Bacteria exist on the skin surface and can be removed temporarily |
| Aseptically select and assemble equipment | Aseptic technique reduces the risk of false positive due to contamination |
| Identify venipuncture site and release tourniquet | The CLSI standard states the the tourniquet should be left on no longer than one min |
| Anaerobic | without oxygen |
| Aerobic | with oxygen |
| autologous | donating bld. to yourself |
| Bacteremia | Bacteria in the blood |
| Trough Level | Lowest level of drug |
| Peak Level | Highest level of drug |
| RNA | may require special forms of ID |
| Blood type and screen | patient ID procedures are extra strict |
| Blood Culture | Requires serial collection of blood specimen at specific times |
| 2 hr. PP | Drawn once after specific glucose load after eating |
| Postprandial refers to | after eating |
| Hyperkalemia means | increased potassium in the blood |
| Pediatric blood cultures creates challenges because | BC collections requires two sets of cultures from one venipuncture |
| In collecting blood cultures one of the most frequent errors made is | improper cleansing of the collection site |
| Peak and trough specimens | therapeutic drug monitoring |
| Blood bank specimens require which of the following identification information? | Date, Time, DOB, Name |
| A stool specimen is needed for the test | Guaiac |
| With drawling a unit of blood from a patient for therapeutic purposes is used as treatment for | polycythemia |
| Which of the following tube additives is preferred for the collection of a blood culture specimen | Citrate phosphate dextrose |
| A fasting specimen for GTT is drawn | Right after the glucose drink is finished |
| Implied Ethics | Do not harm anyone intentionally, perform according to sound technical ability and good judgement. |
| Basic Legal Principles | The laws governing medicine and medical ethics complement and overlap one another. |
| Neglience | violation of duty to exercise reasonable skill and care performing a task |
| Criminal Action | legal recourse for acts or offences against the public welfare |
| Defendant | the health care worker or institution against whom the action or lawsuit was filled. |
| False Imprisonment | The unjustifiable detention of a person without a legal warrant |
| Fraud | A deliberate deception or cheating either by conduct or words |
| liable | Under legal obligation as far as damages are concerned |
| Malice | Knowing that a statement is false or making a statement with reckless disregard of the truth |
| Misdemeanor | the general term for all sorts of criminal offences |
| Subponea | Court order for a person and documents to be brought to court proceedings |
| Tort | A civil wrong committed against a person or property, |
| Malpractice | Professional negligence, Improper or unskillful care of a patient by an HCW or any unreasonable lack of skill or professional misconduct |
| summary of a patient's rights regarding fair treatment and appropriate information | |
| Bioethics | The study of ethics related to issues that arise in health care. |
| HIPPA means | created legal requirements for protection, security, and appropriate sharing of a patient's personal health info. |
| imformed consent | voluntary permission by a patient to allow touching, examination, and/or treatment by HCW |
| Implied Consent | exists when the individual's nonverbal behavior indicates agreement |
| Professional Liability Insurance | Staff or clinical laboratory is part of a professional liability insurance policy |
| Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) | Essentially applies to every clinical laboratory testing facility in the US and requires laboratory certification by federal government |
| Assault | The unjustifiable attempt to touch another person or the threat to do so in such circumstances as to cause the other to believe that it will be carried out- fear of being hurt |
| Battery | The intentional touching of another person without consent also the unlawful beating of another or carrying out of threatened physical harm.-being hurt |
| Breach of Duty | An infraction, violation, or failure to preform |
| breach of confidentiality | Disclosure of information without proper authorization. |
| Civil Law | The plantiff sues for monetary damages |
| Felony | Public offense |
| invasion of privacy | unauthorized release of information the patient |
| Misrepresentation | Use of misleading information or distortion of facts. |
| Plaintiff | The claimant who brings a lawsuit or an action |
| Litigation process | The process of legal action to determine a decision in court |
Created by:
chlobro001
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