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gastrointestinal

gastrointestinal system

TermDefinition
mouth (oral cavity) responsible for initiating digestion, both mechanical (chewing) and chemical (saliva).
pharynx throat or the passageway for food between the oral cavity and the esophagus (also part of the respiratory system)
Esophagus muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach. uses wave-like contractions called peristalsis to propel food into the stomach.
Stomach located below the diaphragm in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) of the abdominal cavity. receives food from the esophagus and continues breakdown using gastric juices. propels food to small intestine. contains rugae.
rugae folds within the lining of the stomach that aid in digestion and moving food into the duodenum.
small intestine takes up most of the space iwhtin the abdominal cavity. primarily responsible for absorption of nutrients.
small intestine sections duodenum, jejunum, ileum
large intestine also called the colon, absorption is completed here, and feces is formed from solid waste products.
large intestine sections cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
cecum connects to ileum; where the appendix is located
rectum the end of the colon that stores feces until defecation
anus the end of the rectum, opens to the outside of the body to allow for elimination of feces.
liver large organ located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdomen. produces bile needed to break down fats.
gall bladder located inferior to the liver. stores bile and connects to duodenum.
pancreas posterior to the stomach, and connects to duodenum. produces enzymes that aid with digestion.
Created by: elshalance
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