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Chapter 5
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Identity | How people make sense of themselves and how they see themselves at different scales. |
Identifying against | Constructing an identity by first defining an "other" and then defining self "not the other." |
Gender | Socially constructed ideas of roles, behaviors, and activities that are appropriate for men and women. |
Race | Social constructions of differences among humans based on skin color that have had profound consequences on rights and opportunities. |
Residential segregation | Degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another, in different parts of an urban environment. |
Succession | Process by which new immigrants move to a city and take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups. |
Ethnicity | Stems from the notion that people are closely bounded, even related, in a certain place over time. Often considered natural because it implies ancient relations among a people over time. |
Structures of power | Assumptions and relationships dictating who is in control and who has power over others. |
Sexuality | Part of humanity where geographers work to discover how heteronormative ideas influence understanding of places and cultures and how the practices of peoples who do not conform to these ideas influence the development of places. |
Intersectionality | The overlap or interconnection between social groups, including race, gender, class and sexuality. |
Gross national income (GNI) | A measurement of a country's wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced within the borders of a country, plus income received from investments outside of the country in a year. |
Formal economy | Economic productivity in agriculture, mining, industry, and services that is counted or taxed by government. |
Informal economy | Portion of the economy that is not taxed or regulated by government. |
Vulnerability | Probability of destruction of life or property from a hazard or crisis. |
Sex ratio | The ratio of males relative to females in a population. |
Dowry | A price paid in cash and gifts through marriage by the bride's family to the groom's father. |
Barrioization | Defined by geographer James Curtis as the dramatic increase in Hispanic population in a neighborhood; referring to "barrio", the Spanish word for neighborhood. |