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CSA Chapter 7

Endocrine System

TermDefinition
aden/o gland
adren/o adrenal gland
adrenal/o adrenal gland
andr/o male
crin/o to secrete
dips/o thirst
gluc/o glucose
glucos/o glucose
glyc/o glucose
hormon/o hormone
ket/o ketone bodies
keton/o ketone bodies
pancreat/o pancreas
thym/o thymus gland
thyr/o thyroid gland (steroid)
thyroid/o thyroid gland (steroid)
adrenal glands located on the superior surface of each kidney; the outer adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones, and the inner adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine; also called suprarenal glands
suprarenal glands located on the superior surface of each kidney; the outer adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones, and the inner adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine; also called adrenal glands
steroid hormones hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex
glucocorticoids hormones that regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have anti inflammatory effects; cortisol is the most significant glucocorticoid
mineralocorticoid hormones that maintain salt and water balance
androgens hormones that influence development and maintenance of male sex characteristics (facial hair, deep voice)
catecholamines hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the sypathetic nervous system in stress response
epinephrine hormone that is secretes in response to fear or physical injury; also called adrenaline
adrenaline hormone that is secretes in response to fear or physical injury; also called epinephrine
norepinephrine hormone that is secreted in response to hypotension (low blood pressure) and physical stress
ovaries located on both sides of the uterus in the female pelvis; secretes estrogen and progesterone
estrogen hormone that is responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics
progesterone hormone that regulate uterine conditions during pregnancy
islets of Langerhans of the pelvis endocrine tissue within the pancreas (the organ located behind the stomach, in front of the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae); secretes insulin and glucagon; also called pancreatic islets
insuin a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans that is responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose (insulin=island)
glucagon a hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans that regulates carbohydrate metabolism by raising blood sugar
parathyroid glands 2 paired glands located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck; secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)
parathyroid hormone (PTH) hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
pineal gland located in the center of the brain; secretes melatonin and serotonin
melatonin hormone that is involved with circadian rhythm (24 hour cycle); affects the onset of puberty
serotonin hormone that constricts blood vessels and acts as a neurotransmitter
pituitary gland
hypophysis pituitary gland
anterior pituitary anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; also called adenohypophysis
adenohypophysis anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; also called anterior pituitary
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) hormone that stimulates secretion from the thyroid gland
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) hormone that stimulates the secretion from adrenal cortex
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) hormone that initializing the growth of ovarian follicle; stimulates the secretions of estrogen in females and the production of sperm in males
Created by: alexandramila
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