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Chapter 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Demography | the study of general population trends |
| Population Density | number of people per unit area of land |
| Arithmetic Population Density | number of people per unit area of land, divide population by amount of land |
| Population Distribution | description of spatial distribution of people, including where large numbers of people live closely together and where few people live |
| Dot Maps | thematic maps where individual symbols represent a certain number of cases of a phenomenon |
| Megalopolis | an urban agglomeration that stretches from Washington DC in the south to Boston, Massachusetts in the north |
| Natural Increase Rate | subtracts crude death rates from crude birth rates and does not include immigration or emigration |
| Crude Birth Rate | number of live births per 1000 people among a population in an area in a year |
| Crude Death Rate | number of deaths per 1000 people among a population in an area in a year |
| Contraceptive Prevalence Rate | percent of women who are currently using or have a sexual partner who is using a method of contraception |
| Doubling Time | time required for a population to double in size |
| Total Fertility Rate | the average number of children born to a woman of child-bearing age |
| Old-Age Dependency Rate | number of people 65 years of age or older for every 100 people between the ages of 15-64 |
| Child Dependency Rate | number of people between the ages of 0 and 14 for every 100 people between the ages 15-64 |
| Population Composition | structure of a population in terms of age, sex, and other properties such as marital status and education |
| Population Pyramids | a graphic representation of the age and sex composition of a population |
| Demographic Transition | observation that a country's birth rate and death rate change in predictable ways over stages of economic development |
| Zero Population Growth | a state in which a population is maintained at a constant level because the number of deaths is exactly offset by the number of births |
| Infant Mortality Rate | probability per 1000 live births that a child will die before reaching age 1 year |
| Life Expectancy | the average number of years a person is expected to live |
| Epidemiological Transition | change in the pattern of mortality in a society from high mortality among infants and periods of widespread famine to high mortality from degenerative diseases which coincide with longer life expectancies |
| Infectious Diseases | diseases that are spread by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Infectious diseases diffuse directly or indirectly from human to human |
| Degenerative Diseases | generally long lasting afflictions, now more common because of longer life expectancies |
| Genetic or Inherited Diseases | diseases caused by variation or mutation of a gene or group of genes in humans |
| Malaria | vectored disease spread by a certain type of mosquitoes |
| Expansive Population Policies | government policies designed to encourage large families and raise the rate of population growth |
| Eugenic Population Policies | government policies designed to limit population growth among a certain group of people |
| Restrictive Population Policies | government policies designed to reduce the rate of natural population increase |
Created by:
pl251101
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