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APHG Unit 2-10-2.12

Words from learning objective 2.10-2.12

QuestionAnswer
Migration Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location.
Push Factors Incentives for potential migrants to leave a place, such as a harsh climate, economic recession, or political turmoil.
pull factors Positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas
intervening opportunities The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away.
intervening obstacles An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration.
forced migration Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate.
voluntary migration Permanent movement undertaken by choice.
refugees People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.
internally displaced person People who have been displaced within their own countries and do not cross international borders as they flee.
asylum seeker Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee
transnational migration regular movement of a person between two or more countries resulting in a new cultural identity
internal migration Permanent movement within a particular country.
chain migration migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there
circular migration The temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment.
migration transition Migration trends follow demographic transition stages. People become increasingly mobile as industrialization develops. More international migration is seen in stage 2 as migrants search for more space and opportunities in countries in stages 3 and 4. Stage-4 countries show less emigration and more intraregional migration
net migration The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.
step migration Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city
guest worker a foreign laborer living and working temporarily in another country
intraregional migration Permanent movement within one region of a country.
interregional migration movement from one region of a country to another
international migration Permanent movement from one country to another.
emigration movement of individuals out of an area
environmental degradation damage to or destruction of the natural environment
brain drain the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries
remittances Money migrants send back to family and friends in their home countries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer countries
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