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Aztec/ Inca Review

QuestionAnswer
Where is Mesoamerica? the southern part of what is now Mexico and parts of the northern countries of Central America
What did cities hope to gain from fighting with enemy cities? power and land
How did the Aztecs conquer the other cities located around Lake Texcoco? They formed a secret alliance with two other cities.
A tribute was a payment to a more powerful ruler or country.
Before the arrival of the Europeans (Spaniards), the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlán was a thriving city with about 200,000 residents.
What is the name for the type of floating gardens the Aztecs built? chinampas
What were the 3 key factors in the rise of the Aztec Empire? war, tribute, and trade
What did the Spaniards unknowingly bring with them that helped them conquer the Aztecs? smallpox and other diseases
What prompted Moctezuma II to welcome Hernán Cortés? Moctezuma thought that Cortés was the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl.
Other Native American tribes made alliances with Cortés because they did not like paying tribute to the Aztecs.
How did Tenochtitlán’s location help lead to the fall of the Aztec Empire? The conquistadors could easily cut off the Aztecs’ access to supplies.
What role did horses play in the conquest of the Aztecs? . Horses were large and powerful and the Aztecs were terrified of them
What groups of people were the lowest class in Aztec society? farmers and slaves
What is a codex? a book of historical records
What role did human sacrifices play in Aztec society? They were believed to be necessary to keep the gods happy.
What was the main difference between the Aztecs’ religion and the Catholic religion? The Aztecs believed in hundreds of gods and the conquistadors believed in only one.
In the Aztec Empire, who was responsible for keeping track of the calendars? priests
Where did the first Incas live? in the Andes Mountains The capital city of the Inca Empire was Cuzco.
Establishing Quechua as the official language of the Inca Empire was important because it helped unify the empire.
Which Inca ruler led a great expansion of the empire and established an official religion? Pachacuti
What is a main similarity between the Aztec and Inca religions? The Aztecs and Incas worshipped many different gods.
Who was the leader of the Spanish conquistadors who invaded the Inca Empire? Francisco Pizarro
Why was the Inca road system important? The roads connected all parts of the empire.
Machu Picchu was a royal retreat for Inca rulers.
How were Inca stories passed on to future generations? Official “memorizers” learned long poems about Inca history and passed them on orally.
Why are Inca buildings considered a major architectural achievement? Inca buildings are so tight that it is nearly impossible to fit a knife blade between stones; the stone cutting was so precise that no cement was needed; many Inca buildings are still being used.
When these two calendars (Tzolkin and Haab) are working together, one day in this round such as “3 Kan 8 Pop” did not repeat until 52 years passed, which was called the Solar Round
The 260-day calendar, also known as the ________________________ in Maya, has 20 day associated with the numbers 1-13 Sacred Calendar or Tzolk’in
How many years will pass until the three cycles line up again. 52 years
Each community has their day keeper, generally a_____, who carries out ceremonies on particular days of this calendar. shaman
Which Maya Calendar functions similar to our calendar? The Haab
The first people to arrive in the Americas were hunter-gatherers.
Why were farmers in Mesoamerica successful at domesticating plants in this region? It had a warm climate and very fertile soil.
What is the most accepted theory as to how the first people arrived in the Americas? People walked across a land bridge that crossed the Bering Strait.
When early people learned to plant seeds and farm, what major impact did this have on their lives? They were able to settle in one place.
After the first Aztecs discovered that there was no good farmland, they hired themselves out as skilled fighters/warriors.
Created by: jbadams2
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