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APHG Unit 2-10-2.12
Words from learning objective 2.10-2.12
Question | Answer |
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Migration | Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location. |
Push Factors | Incentives for potential migrants to leave a place, such as a harsh climate, economic recession, or political turmoil. |
pull factors | Positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas |
intervening opportunities | The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away. |
intervening obstacles | An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration. |
forced migration | Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate. |
voluntary migration | Permanent movement undertaken by choice. |
refugees | People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion. |
internally displaced person | People who have been displaced within their own countries and do not cross international borders as they flee. |
asylum seeker | Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee |
transnational migration | regular movement of a person between two or more countries resulting in a new cultural identity |
internal migration | Permanent movement within a particular country. |
chain migration | migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there |
circular migration | The temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment. |
migration transition | Migration trends follow demographic transition stages. People become increasingly mobile as industrialization develops. More international migration is seen in stage 2 as migrants search for more space and opportunities in countries in stages 3 and 4. Stage-4 countries show less emigration and more intraregional migration |
net migration | The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration. |
step migration | Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city |
guest worker | a foreign laborer living and working temporarily in another country |
intraregional migration | Permanent movement within one region of a country. |
interregional migration | movement from one region of a country to another |
international migration | Permanent movement from one country to another. |
emigration | movement of individuals out of an area |
environmental degradation | damage to or destruction of the natural environment |
brain drain | the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries |
remittances | Money migrants send back to family and friends in their home countries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer countries |