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APHG Topic 1.1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Space | the physical gap or interval between two objects |
| Scale | ratio between the size of things on the map and the size of things on the ground; global, regional, national, local |
| Cartogram | sizes are shown according to some specific statistic |
| Spatial Patterns | general physical arrangement of things being studied |
| Reference Maps | designed for people to refer to to get general info about a place |
| Thematic Maps | show spatial aspects of information or a phenomenon |
| Choropleth Maps | use various colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show the location and distribution of spatial data |
| Dot Distribution Maps | used to show the specific location and distribution of something across the territory of a map; each dot represents a specified quantity |
| Graduated Symbol Maps | uses map symbols that vary in size to represent different amounts of something; also known as Graduated Circle/Proportional Symbol Map |
| Isoline Maps | lines drawn on a map to connect points of equal value; ex: topographic maps (show elevation) or weather maps (show average precipitation, temperature) |
| Mental Maps/Cognitive Maps | maps people create in their own minds based on their own experience and knowledge |
| Site | a place's absolute location, as well as its physical characteristics such as the landforms, climate, and resources |
| Situation | a place's relative location; location relative to another place |
| Clustering | grouped together |
| Dispersal | spread out |
| Map Projection | used to show the curved surface of the earth on a flat surface |
| Mercator Projection | lines of latitude and longitude meet at right angles, directions are shown accurately; land masses near the poles appear large |
| Gall-Peters Projection | sizes of land masses are accurate; shapes are inaccurate, especially near the poles |
| Conic Projection | lines of longitude come together at one pole, lines of latitude are curved, size and shape are both close to reality, direction is not constant |
| Robinson Projection | area, shape, size, and direction are all slightly distorted; it's an oval shape rather than rectangular |
| Spatial Relationships | the relationship between the distribution of one feature and the distribution of another feature |
| Quantitative Data | information that can be measured and recorded using numbers |
| Qualitative Data | data that is descriptive and is often based on people's opinions |
| Physical Maps | map that shows natural features of the earth |
| Spatial Association | matching patterns of distribution indicating that two or more phenomena maybe related, or associated, with one another |
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karaangelos
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