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WORLD HIST UNIT 1
Ancient Civilizations
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fertile Crescent | An arc of rich farmland in Southwest Asia, between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea (Mesopotamia) |
| Cultural Diffusion | the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another |
| Monotheism | worshipping one god |
| Polytheism | belief in many gods |
| Pharaoh | Egyptian god-kings |
| Dynasty | a succession of rulers from the same family |
| Mandate of Heaven | The Chinese concept under which a ruler is given their power to rule |
| Civilization | a form of culture with cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology |
| Social Classes | a division of a society based on social and economic status |
| Caste System | a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity or family history |
| Mummification | preserving the bodies of the dead; practiced in Egypt to preserve the body for enjoyment of the afterlife |
| City-State | a city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit |
| Hieroglyphics | an ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds. |
| Cuneiform | a system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols, invented by the Sumerians (Mesopotamia) |
| Theocracy | A government controlled by religious leaders |