Question 1

The two main functions of the digestive system are digestion and

Accepted Answer

absorption

Question 2

The innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract is a mucous membrane known as the

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mucosa

Question 3

The major type of muscle in the gastrointestinal tract is

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smooth muscle

Question 4

The outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract is known as the serous layer or

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serosa

Question 5

They major portion of the mouth consists of a chamber known as the

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oral cavity

Question 6

On either side of the tongue within the tongue papillae are a series of

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taste buds

Question 7

In a permanent set of teeth, the full number is

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thirty-two

Question 8

The three basic regions of a tooth include the crown, the neck, and the

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roots

Question 9

Within the cheeks of the head, below the ears is the largest salivary gland known as the

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parotid

Question 10

The lymphatic tissues located on the soft palate are called

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tonsils

Question 11

Food passes into the stomach from the pharynx to a tube known as the

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esophagus

Question 12

Swallowing is a process more correctly known as

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deglutition

Question 13

The series of wavelike contractions that brings food into the stomach is called

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peristalsis

Question 14

The circular smooth muscles at the beginning of the stomach is the lower esophageal or cardiac sphincter, while the circular smooth muscle at the end of the stomach is the

Accepted Answer

pyloric sphincter

Question 15

The narrow, far region of the stomach is the

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pylorus

Question 16

The most important acid for digestion taking place in the stomach is

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hydrochloric acid

Question 17

In the stomach, food is converted to a soupy mixture known as

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chyme

Question 18

A variety of enzymes enter the duodenum from a large gland known as the

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pancreas

Question 19

Before fats can be digested into their component fatty acids, they must be broken into smaller globules by the liver substance called

Accepted Answer

bile acids

Question 20

The second part of the small intestine and the place where most absorption occurs is the

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jejunum

Question 21

The short wormlike extension of tissue found near where the small and large intestines meet is called the

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appendix

Question 22

The last few inches of the colon that terminates at the anus is the

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rectum

Question 23

A major function of the large intestine is to reabsorb ions and

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water

Question 24

The largest gland in the body and source of bile is the

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liver

Question 25

For use in the digestive process, bile is stored in a sac called the

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gallbladder

Question 26

The kidneys regulate the volume of blood plasma and thereby contribute to the regulation of

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blood pressure

Question 27

In the body, the kidneys are found lateral to the

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vertebral column

Question 28

The adult kidney is about the size of a

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fist

Question 29

The long duct carrying urine away from the kidney is the

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ureter

Question 30

The two distinct regions of the kidney are the outer cortex and the inner

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medulla

Question 31

The triangular wedges of tissue composing the medulla of the kidney are referred to as

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renal pyramids

Question 32

Arterial blood entering the kidney flows through the

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renal artery

Question 33

The waste product urea, which is present in the urine, is a product of amino acid metabolism taking place in the

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liver

Question 34

Large amounts of ketone bodies in the urine are often a symptom of

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diabetes mellitus

Question 35

The pigments that give urine its color are derived from substances in the diet or from the pigment in red blood cells known as

Accepted Answer

hemoglobin

Question 36

The process of expelling urine from the body is referred to as

Accepted Answer

micturition

Quiz

Anatomy & Physiology Ch. 18 & 20

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