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Quiz
Anatomy & Physiology Ch. 18 & 20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The two main functions of the digestive system are digestion and | absorption |
| The innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract is a mucous membrane known as the | mucosa |
| The major type of muscle in the gastrointestinal tract is | smooth muscle |
| The outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract is known as the serous layer or | serosa |
| They major portion of the mouth consists of a chamber known as the | oral cavity |
| On either side of the tongue within the tongue papillae are a series of | taste buds |
| In a permanent set of teeth, the full number is | thirty-two |
| The three basic regions of a tooth include the crown, the neck, and the | roots |
| Within the cheeks of the head, below the ears is the largest salivary gland known as the | parotid |
| The lymphatic tissues located on the soft palate are called | tonsils |
| Food passes into the stomach from the pharynx to a tube known as the | esophagus |
| Swallowing is a process more correctly known as | deglutition |
| The series of wavelike contractions that brings food into the stomach is called | peristalsis |
| The circular smooth muscles at the beginning of the stomach is the lower esophageal or cardiac sphincter, while the circular smooth muscle at the end of the stomach is the | pyloric sphincter |
| The narrow, far region of the stomach is the | pylorus |
| The most important acid for digestion taking place in the stomach is | hydrochloric acid |
| In the stomach, food is converted to a soupy mixture known as | chyme |
| A variety of enzymes enter the duodenum from a large gland known as the | pancreas |
| Before fats can be digested into their component fatty acids, they must be broken into smaller globules by the liver substance called | bile acids |
| The second part of the small intestine and the place where most absorption occurs is the | jejunum |
| The short wormlike extension of tissue found near where the small and large intestines meet is called the | appendix |
| The last few inches of the colon that terminates at the anus is the | rectum |
| A major function of the large intestine is to reabsorb ions and | water |
| The largest gland in the body and source of bile is the | liver |
| For use in the digestive process, bile is stored in a sac called the | gallbladder |
| The kidneys regulate the volume of blood plasma and thereby contribute to the regulation of | blood pressure |
| In the body, the kidneys are found lateral to the | vertebral column |
| The adult kidney is about the size of a | fist |
| The long duct carrying urine away from the kidney is the | ureter |
| The two distinct regions of the kidney are the outer cortex and the inner | medulla |
| The triangular wedges of tissue composing the medulla of the kidney are referred to as | renal pyramids |
| Arterial blood entering the kidney flows through the | renal artery |
| The waste product urea, which is present in the urine, is a product of amino acid metabolism taking place in the | liver |
| Large amounts of ketone bodies in the urine are often a symptom of | diabetes mellitus |
| The pigments that give urine its color are derived from substances in the diet or from the pigment in red blood cells known as | hemoglobin |
| The process of expelling urine from the body is referred to as | micturition |
Created by:
brandydenton
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