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Quiz
Anatomy & Physiology Ch. 10, 11 & 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The nervous system has two principal divisions called the central nervous system and the | peripheral nervous system |
| The central nervous system consists of the brain and the | spinal cord |
| The peripheral nervous system has sensory receptors located in | sense organs |
| There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of | cranial nerves |
| Nerve impulses from the central nervous system are transmitted to glands and | muscles |
| The two divisions of the peripheral nervous system are the somatic division and the | autonomic division |
| Sensory nerves are also known as | afferent |
| Motor nerves are also known as | efferent |
| The first activity in the body's response to a stimulus is called | reception |
| The brain and spinal cord are components of the | central nervous system |
| The axons and dendrites extend from the spinal cord to the muscles and glands and form | nerves |
| The spinal cord passes downward from the brain and extends through a bony tunnel found in | vertebrae |
| The spinal cord is continuous with the | brain |
| The three membranes surrounding and protecting the spinal cord are called | meninges |
| The outermost membrane surrounding the spinal cord is the | dura mater |
| The inner membrane surrounding the spinal cord and having many blood vessels is the | pia mater |
| Clear, watery fluid is found in the central canal of the spinal cord and is called | cerebrospinal fluid |
| Injury to the ventral root of the spinal cord results in a condition called | paralysis |
| The spinal cord serves as a coordinating center for the | reflex arc |
| The brain receives impulses from the spinal cord as well as from 12 pairs of | cranial nerves |
| The brain is composed of two major | hemispheres |
| The brain consumes about one quarter of the body's | oxygen |
| The outer portion of the brain is mainly composed of | gray matter |
| The numerous convolutions of the brain are called | gyri |
| The anterior portion of each cerebral hemisphere is occupied by a lobe called the | frontal lobe |
| At the posterior portion of the cerebral hemispheres is a lobe called the | occipital lobe |
| The region of the frontal lobe concerned with motor function for speech is | Broca's aea |
| The sense of smell is located deep within a portion of the brain known as the | cerebrum |
| The interpretation of visual patterns occurs in the lobe of the brain known as the | occipital lobe |
| The cavities of the brain are called the | ventricles |
| The brain region lying posterior to the medulla and serving as a coordinating center for motor activity is the | cerebellum |
| The cerebellum is composed of two lateral | hemispheres |
| Because it is a reflex center for coordinating muscle activity, the cerebellum helps smooth gait and maintain | posture |
| The nucleus of the diencephalon relaying sensory impulses into the cerebral cortex is the | thalamus |
| The nucleus of the diencephalon producing some hormones stored to be released by the pituitary gland is the | hypothalamus |
| Emotional experiences such as fear, anger, pleasure, and sorrow are regulated in a ring of tissue at the edge of the brain stem called the | limbic system |
| The rounded bulge in the brain stem separating the midbrain from the medulla is the | pons |
| The swollen stem of the brain connecting the spinal cord to the remainder of the brain is the | medulla oblongata |
| In the cerebrum of the brain, impulses cross over to opposite sides of the brain via the | decussation of pyramids |
| The network of nerve fibers in the medulla responsible for activating the cerebral cortex is the | reticular formation |
| The sensory somatic system is composed of spinal nerves and | cranial nerves |
| The human body has spinal nerves numbering | 31 pairs |
| The cranial nerve with sensory and motor functions controlling the heart, blood vessels, and organs of the viscera is the | vagus nerve |
| The spinal nerves communicate impulses between various parts of the body and the | spinal cord |
| The purpose of the eye is to gather light from the environment and form an image on cells of the | retina |
| The nerve that carries impulses from the eye to the brain is the | optic nerve |
| The inner coat of the posterior wall of the eye is composed of the | retina |
| The thin, watery fluid in the anterior chamber of the eye is | aqueous humor |
| The jellylike substance that fills the posterior cavity of the eye is called | vitreous humor |
| The posterior chamber of the eye lies between the iris and the | lens |
| The pupil of the eye is an opening in the portion of the eye known as the | iris |
| The eyelids are covered on their surfaces by the mucous membrane called the | conjunctiva |
| Tears bathe the eyeball and keep it moist; they are produced by the | lacrimal apparatus |
| Twilight vision is concerned with retinal cells known as | rods |
| Daylight vision and close, detailed vision are permitted by retinal cells known as | cones |
| The optic disc contains no visual receptors and is therefore called the | blind spot |
| The lobe of the brain where visual patterns are interpreted is the | occipital lobe |
| The process of light focusing due to elasticity of the lens is called the | accommodation |
| Aging can cause reduced accommodation, a condition known as | presbyopia |
| Nearsightedness can be corrected by utilizing glasses having lenses that are | biconcave |
| The condition of farsightedness is correctly known as | hyperopia |
| Irregular curvature of the lens or cornea results in a disorder known as | astigmatism |
| The sex-linked genetic trait in which a person cannot detect colors is called | color blindness |
| The major lobe of the brain in which hearing perception occurs is the | temporal lobe |
| The technical name for the eardrum is the | tympanic membrane |
| The middle ear bones, which transmit sound to the inner ear, are known as the malleus, incus, and | stapes |
| The long, slender tube leading from the pharynx to the middle ear is the | auditory tube |
| The snail-like structure of the internal ear is called the | cochlea |
| The sense of taste is technically known as the | gustatory sense |
| Taste buds are located on the upper surface of the tongue within tiny elevations called | papillae |
| The five primary tastes are sweet, sour, salty, unami, and | bitter |
| Impulses of taste are transmitted to the brain over the facial nerve or the | glossopharyngeal nerve |
| The sense of smell is called the | olfactory sense |
| The interpretations of smell are made in the temporal lobe of the cerebrum and in the | frontal lobe |
| The sense of equilibrium is associated with the canals and passageways found in the | inner ear |
| The outer wall of the eye consists of the cornea and the | sclera |
Created by:
brandydenton
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