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lec 5
vi sinh
| Staphy lococcus | Grape-like: Single, pairs, short chain Non- flagellate (non- motile) |
| Catalase + | Staphylococcus (tụ cầu khuẩn) |
| Catalase - | Streptococcus (liên cầu khuẩn) Enterococcus (nhiễm khuẩn đường ruột |
| S. aureus is | the most virulent species |
| Coagulase + | S. aureus |
| Coagulase - (CoNS) | S. epidermides S. saprophyticus |
| Normal flora (mainly CoNS) can found on | human skin and mucosal (niêm mạc) surfaces |
| S. aureas can found in | hospital workers |
| Facultative anaerobic | Staphylococcus Streptococcus |
| S. pyogenes | Large Beta - hemolysis Lancefield antigen A |
| S. agalactiae | Large Beta - hemolysis Lancefield antigen B |
| S. pneumoniae | Large Alpha - hemolysis |
| S. viridans | Small Alpha - hemolysis Differ type of lancefield antigen |
| S. aureus structural | Adhesins Protein A Glycocalyx |
| Glycocalyx in staphylococci | Many contain polysaccharide capsule Some have slime |
| S. aureas toxins | Cytolytic toxin Exfoliative Toxin Superantigen toxin Enzymes |
| Panton-Valentine leakocidin (PVL) can cause | very severe cutandous infection (nhiễm trùng da) and necrotizing (hoại tử) pneumonia |
| Exfoliative Toxin is Produced by S. aureus cause | epidermal layer of the skin to slough off |
| SSSS | Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome |
| Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome caused by | Exfoliative Toxin of S. aureus Mainly in newborns |
| Superantigen toxin are | Produced by S. aureus Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 Enterotoxins |
| Enterotoxins cause | food poisoning |
| S.viridans is most common causes | Endocarditis |
| Streptococcus Bac that Low virulent is | s. viridans group |
| S. mitis group | related with endocarditis in native valves |
| S. mutans group | related with dental caries (sâu răng) |
| S. anginosus group | related with Pharyngitis |
| S. bovis gruop | related with gastrointestinal carcinomia (cancer) |
| S. suis | Most Cases in Southeast Asia Cause Bacteria and Meningitis |
| S. pneumoniae most common cause | Pneumonia, meningitis and otitis media (viêm tai giữa) |
| Risk factors of S.suis | contact with sick pig consumption of uncooked pork products |
| Otitis media is primarily seen in | young children |
| Enterococcus is | lancefield antigen D part of normal flora of the intestine |
| Enterococcus clinical disease | UTI is most common Abdominal Bacteremia Endocarditis |
| Enterococcus treatment | ampicillin some beta-lactams with aminoglycosides |
| Cytolytic toxin are | Produced by S. aureus Alpha (most important), Beta, Gamma Panton-Valentine leakocidin |
| Diseases caused by S. aureus | 1. Skin disease: Folliculitis 2. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome 3. Impetigo 4. Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome 5. Bacteremia 6. Endocarditis 7. Pneumonia 8. Food poisoning |
| S. pyogenes also cause ______________ same with S. aureus | Impetigo |
| Coagulase - Staphylococcus (CoNS) are | normal flora of the skin |
| CoNS virulence factor | Adhesins produce slime Biofilms produce toxin |
| The most common CoNS | S. epidermidis |
| CoNS cause urinary tract infections | S. saprophyticus |
| CoNS more virulent than other | S. lugdunensis |
| Streptococcus | Pairs Or chains Some have capsule |
| Classify Streptococcus | Hemolysis Lancefield antigen Colony morphology: large or small |
| Virulence factor of S. pyogenes | M protein Adhesins Cytotoxin Streptococcal Superantigen Toxin Streptokinases |
| M protein | Major virulence factor of S. pyogenes |
| S. pyogenes transmission | Direct P → P Droplets: from coughs or sneeze |
| S. pyogenes clinical diseases caused by invasion | Pharyngitis Impetigo Cellulitis and elysipelas (Viêm mô tb và ban đỏ) Necrotizing fascitis (viêm cân hoại tử) |
| S. pyogenes clinical diseases caused by toxins | Scarlet fever Streptoco ccus toxic shock syndrome (STSS) |
| Scarlet Jever | Rash Complication of a previous streptococcal pharyngitis Biến chứng của viêm họng do liên cầu Khuẩn |
| All S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae are susceptible to | Penicillin (especially Pharyngitis) |
| S. agalactiae has in | Female genital tract Lower gastrointestinal tract |
| Bacteremia and Meningitis pathogen in newborns | Cause by S. agalactiae |
| S. agalactiae virulence factors | Polysaccharide capsule Adhesins Toxin and Enzymes |
| S. agalactiae causes clinical disease in pregnant women | Endometritis UTI |
| vertical transmission | from parent to child |
| S. viridans group founded in | Oral and upper respiratory tract Female genital tract Gastrointestinal tract |
| Streptococcus not use Lancefield antigen to classification | S. viridans group |
| Diphtheriae is | a very severe disease, found in children |
| Diphtheric toxin (DT) | is a potent inhibitor (chất ức chế) of protein synthesis enter bloodstream make systemic disease |
| Diphtheria transmitted by | Respiratory droplets Hand-to-mouth contact Skin contact (uncommon) |
| Respiratory diphtheria is | The most common site of infection is the tonsils or pharynx |
| Systemic disease are | Myocarditis: Most patients with diphtheria, It is severe: may cause death Neuropathy |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae does not invade | the bloodstream |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae treatment | Antimicrobial: penicillin , erythromycin |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae prevention | The toxoid, it is used in vaccination against the disease |
| Listeria monocytogenes cause disease in | Newborns Elderly Pregnant women Immunocompromised |
| Listeria monocytogenes transmission | By the oral route: Food-borne disease Vertical transmission: Transplacentally or at birth |
| Neonatal disease is | Early-onset disease: Acquired transplacentally in utero Late-onset disease: Acquired at or soon after birth |
| Late-onset disease is | Meningitis |
| Disease in pregnant women | influenza-like symptoms Risk of vertical transmission: Neonatal risk (Nguy cơ sơ sinh) |
| Disease in Healthy adults | influenza-like illness gastroenteritis |
| Listeria monocytogenes Antimicrobial treatment | Combination of ampicillin with gentamicin |
| Anthrax transmission | Zoonosis: Inoculation (cấy skin), Inhalation, Ingestion (nuốt_ -Animal to human -Person to person |
| Cutaneous anthrax | Wounds contaminated with anthrax spores Eschar or black eschar Painless Mortality )tử vong) ~20% if untreated |
| Gastrointestinal anthrax | ingestion of spores Mortality is very high: ~100% |
| Inhalation (pulmonary) anthrax | Spores are inhaled Very severe: Very high mortality rate |
| Bacillus anthracis treatment | Combination therapy of Ciprofloxacin or doxycycline |
Created by:
huy12345
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