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Anatomy & Physiology Ch. 6

QuestionAnswer
The skull bones and ribs and bones of the pelvis are types of bones classified by shape as flat bones
Epiphyses at the ends and diaphysis in the middle describes long bones
All the bones of the head, vertebral column, and the ribcage are considered together as the axial skeleton
Two examples of short bones in the body are the blocklike bones of the wrists called carpals, and the bones of the ankles known as tarsals
The two ends of a long bone are known as epiphysis
Wherever it lacks a cartilage cover, the long bone is covered with a connective tissue membrane known as the periosteum
The marrow cavity in long bones is filled with yellow bone marrow
Bone formation takes place by a process called ossification
Before puberty, the long bone lengthens at a zone of cartilage beyond the ossification center called the epiphyseal plate
Bone is remodeled and dissolved by substances secreted by bone-resorbing cells referred to as osteoclasts
An example of a synarthrosis occurring in the skull is a suture
Movement at a joint in which the angle between the two bones is reduced is known as flexion
When a body part is moved away from the midline of the body, the movement is referred to as abduction
When a body part moves toward the midline, the movement is adduction
Twisting the head from side to side, such as when gesturing "no," is the joint movement rotation
Turning the hand so that the palm is forward demonstrates the movement supination
While flexion refers to the bending of a joint, the stretching out a joint is extension
Moving a body part backward, such as pulling in the chin, is a movement called retraction
Moving a body part backward, such as thrusting the chin outward, is protraction
Created by: brandydenton
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