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A&P Ch5 Skin

Integumentary

QuestionAnswer
It is a hard protein produced by keratinocytes keratin
This pigment absorbs ultraviolet light to protect damage to the nucleus of keratinocytes in the epidermis. Melanin
This layer of the epidermis is composed of a single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes. Stratum basale
Besides cuboidal-shaped keratinocytes, this layer of epidermis also has melanocytes and Merkel cells scattered within it. Stratum basale
Stratum lucidum of the epidermis is present in thick skin
What are sebaceous glands connected to? Hair follicles
Which vitamin is produced in the skin? Vitamin D
The process of scar formation is called: Fibrosis
This layer of the skin is composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Epidermis
This cell responds to ultraviolet by making more pigment that causes the skin to darken. Melanocytes
This epidermal cell has a role in immunity and disease resistance. Langerhans
Which layer of the epidermis continually generates new keratinocytes? Stratum basale
This layer of the epidermis contains layers of flattened keratinocytes that are going through apoptosis. Stratum granulosum
This part of the dermis contains 25-30 layers of dead keratinocytes stratum corneum of the epidermis
Constant exposure of skin to friction stimulates the formation of a callus, which is the thickening of which layer of the epidermis? Stratum corneum
Describe keratinization? It is the process of cells producing and accumulating keratin
What is the main component of the dermis of skin? Connective tissue
This layer of skin is composed mainly of connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers. Dermis
This is another name for the subcutaneous layer. Hypodermis
Differences in the skin color among peoples is due to: amount of melanin produced by melanocytes and transferred to keratinocytes
This is transferred from melanocytes to keratinocytes to form a shield over their nuclei melanin
What best describes albinism? Absence of melanin
What causes goose bumps on the skin surface? Arrector pili muscles pulling hairs erect during cold or fright
Sebaceous glands are connected to which structures? Hair follicles
The glands distributed throughout the skin of most regions of the body, especially in the skin of the forehead, palms, and soles are the: Eccrine sweat glands
Where are the ceruminous glands found? Only in the outer ear canals
The structure of skin that helps prevent water loss as well as inhibit bacterial growth on the surface of the skin is: Sebaceous glands
This plays an important role in thermoregulation Sweat glands
What stimulates vitamin D production in the skin? Ultraviolet radiation
The process of scar formation is called: Fibrosis
In this type of scarring, the scar tissue extends beyond the boundary of the injury into normal tissue. Keloid
The most common and least dangerous form of skin cancer is a: Basal cell carcinoma
A second-degree burn involves: The epidermis and part of the dermis
This produces the protein that helps protect the skin and underlying tissue from light, heat, microbes and many chemicals Keratinocytes
This produces a pigment that contributes to skin colour and absorbs ultraviolet light Melanocytes
These are cells that arise from red bone marrow, migrate to the epidermis, and participate in immune responses Langerhans cells
Cells thought to function in the sensation of touch Merkel cells
Located in the dermis, they function in the sensations of warmth, coolness, pain, itching, and tickling Free nerve endings
Smooth muscles associated with the hair follicles; when contracted to, they pull the hair shaft perpendicular to the skin surface Arrector pili
An abnormal thickening of the dermis Callus
Release a lipid Rich secretion that functions as a water-repellent sealant in the stratum granulosum Lamellar granules
Pressure sensitive cells found mostly in the subcutaneous layer Lamellated (pacinian)corpuscles
Associated with hair follicles, these secrete an oily substance that helps prevent hair from becoming brittle, prevents evaporation of water from the skin surface, and inhibits the growth of certain bacteria Sebaceous glands
This is the deep region of the dermis composed primarily of dense irregular connective tissue. Reticular region
Composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue Epidermis
This is not considered part of the skin, it contains areolar and adipose tissue and blood vessels; attaches skin to underlying tissues and organs Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)
This is The superficial region of the dermis; composed of areolar connective tissue The papillory region
In deep wound healing epithelial cells migrate under scab to bridge the wound; formation of granulation tissue Migratory phase
In deep wound healing sloughing of scab; reorganization of collagen fibres; blood vessels return to normal Maturation phase
In deep wound healing vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels to deliver cells involved in phagocytosis; clot formation Inflammatory phase
In deep wound healing extensive growth of epithelial cells beneath scab; random deposition of collagen fibres; continued growth of blood vessels Proliferative phase
What epidermal layer is found in thick skin but not in thin skin Stratum lucidum
What is the most common that sweat glands that release a watery secretion Eccrine sweat gland
Modified sweat glands in the ear are called Ceruminous glands
Sweat glands located in the axilla, groin, areolae, beards of males and that release a thick, lipid-rich secretion Apocrine sweat glands
The layer of the epidermis that contains stem cells undergoing mitosis Stratum basale
The substance that helps promote mitosis in epidermal skin cells Epidermal growth factor
To expose underlying tissues in the bottom of the foot a surgeon must first cut which layer of the stratum and list the following four more Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
Itching after skin can result in a Decrease in the activity of sebaceous glands
Meaning of para- Near
Meaning of peri- Around
Meaning of patho- Disease
Meaning of metabol- Change
Meaning of -philic Loving
Meaning of -phobic Fearing
Meaning of glyco- Network
Meaning of cilium Eyelash
Meaning of hemi- Half
Meaning of endo- Within
Meaning of condro- Cartilage
Meaning of colla- Glue
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