Portuguese trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce.

Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa.

King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title of Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom.

Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola.

Royal African Company

Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia.

Term utilized within the complex exchange system established by the Spanish for African trade; referred to the value of an adult male slave.

Commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe.

Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650.

Member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire; utilized Western firearms.

Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool.

Movement inland during the 1830s of Dutch-ancestry settlers in South Africa seeking to escape their British colonial government.

Ruler and reformer of Nguni peoples after 1818; reformed loose forces into regiments organized by lineage and age; created Zulu chiefdom that began to absorb or destroy its neighbors in southern Africa.

Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa.

Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas (16th—18th centuries); generally a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture.

Slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black.

American-born descendants of "salt water" slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation.

British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament; led abolition of English slave trade in 1807.

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APWH/STEARNS

CHAPTER 21: AFRICA & the AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE

Question	Answer
factories	Portuguese trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce.
El Mina	Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa.
Mvemba, Nzinga	King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title of Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom.
Luanda	Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola.
Royal African Company	Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia.
Indies piece	Term utilized within the complex exchange system established by the Spanish for African trade; referred to the value of an adult male slave.
triangular trade	Commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe.
Asante Empire	Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650.
Tutu, Osei	Member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire; utilized Western firearms.
asantehene	Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool.
Great Trek	Movement inland during the 1830s of Dutch-ancestry settlers in South Africa seeking to escape their British colonial government.
Shaka	Ruler and reformer of Nguni peoples after 1818; reformed loose forces into regiments organized by lineage and age; created Zulu chiefdom that began to absorb or destroy its neighbors in southern Africa.
mfecane	Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa.
Middle Passage	Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas (16th—18th centuries); generally a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture.
"salt water" slaves	Slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black.
Creole slaves	American-born descendants of "salt water" slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation.
Wilberforce, William	British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament; led abolition of English slave trade in 1807.

Created by: mcdougcf

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