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Medication Admin
Routes, techniques, equipment, and sites of medication administration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Medications taken by mouth | Oral route |
| Medications placed under the tongue | Sublingual/Buccal route |
| Medications placed on the skin and adsorbed into the bloodstream (systemic action) | Transdermal route |
| Medications aerosolized in a fine mist and go into nose, throat, lungs | Inhalation route |
| Medications absorbed through the skin or mucous membrane (local action) | Topical route |
| Medications inserted vaginally | Vaginal route |
| Medications inserted rectally | Rectal route |
| Medications via the nose | Nasal route |
| Medications instilled in the eye | Ocular route |
| Medications instille in the ear | Otic route |
| Medications adminstered by flushing or bathing open wounds or body cavities | Irrigation route |
| Medication administered by infusion, injection, or implantation | Parenteral route |
| Medication administered within a muscle | Intramuscular route |
| Medication administered beneath the skin | Subcutaneous route |
| Medication administered within the dermis | Intradermal route |
| Medication administered at a 5-15 degree angle, bevel up | Intradermal technique |
| Medication administered using 1/4 to 5/8 inch; 25-27 gauge needle | Intradermal needle |
| Medication administered using a 1 mL(tuberculin syringe) | Intradermal syringe |
| Maximum volume administration 1 mL | Intradermal maximum volume |
| Medication administered at a 90-degree angle when using 1/2" needle or 45-degree angle when using 5/8" needle; bevel position does not matter | Subcutaneous technique |
| Medication administered using 25 gauge 1/2"-5/8" based on angle used | Subcutaneous needle |
| Medication administered using a 1 mL(tuberculin syringe) or a 3mL syring (most common) | Subcutaneous syringe |
| Maximum volume administration 0.5 mL (children); 1.5 mL (adults) | Subcutaneous maximum volume |
| Medication administered at a 90-degree angle (bevel does not matter) | Intramuscular technique |
| Medication administered using 18-25 gauge needle; length varies by patient age/weight/location of administration from 5/8"-1 1/2"(see table 30.4) | Intramuscular needle |
| Medication administered using a 3 mL (typically) | Intramuscular syringe |
| Maximum volume administration 1 mL-3 mL (varies by age and site used) (see table 30.4) | Intramuscular maximum volume |
| Common sites of injection: Forearm, upper arm, and back | Intradermal sites |
| Common sites of injection: lower abdomen, anterior thigh, and upper outer arm | Subcutaneous sites |
| Common sites if injection: vastus lateralis (Infants and children); deltoid - adults up to 1 mL; ventrogluteal (adults for oil-based medications) | Intramuscular sites |
| Site no longer recommended due to higher risk of injury to the patient since large blood vessels and sciatic nerve located nearby | Dorsogluteal |
| Technique used for irritating medications pulling the skin laterally to lock medication into the ventrogluteal muscle and limiting leakage of medication into subcutaneous tissue | Z-track intramuscular injection |
Created by:
cskinner
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