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Ancient Egypt
A Glossary of Terms for Year 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Amulet | a magical charm thought to keep away evil |
| Conservator | a person who is trained to preserve and restore important historical sources and artefacts (such as paintings, vases, jewellery) that may have been damaged |
| Deity | a god or goddess |
| Demotic | a system of writing based on the original script of ancient Egypt (i.e. hieroglyphs) that is more like running writing; faster and easier to write than hieroglyphs |
| Desert | an area that receives less than 250mm of rain every year; can be hot or cold |
| Dynasty | a period of rule by members of the same family who came to power one after the other (e.g. the Han Dynasty in China) |
| Heir | someone who will legally inherit the fortunes of another; often the firstborn son |
| Hierarchy | a way of organising things (or people) from top down in order of importance or significance; ancient societies had strict hierarchies with the ruler at the top and the peasants at the bottom |
| Hieratic | a simplified form of writing based on hieroglyphs that was used to communicate in ancient Egypt, though not as easy to write as the demotic script |
| The Inundation | the yearly great flooding of the Nile River in Egypt; an inundation is a flood |
| Khepresh | blue crown often worn by Egyptian pharaoh when in battle; it was often studded with semi-precious stones to create a hard surface |
| Mummification | the process of preserving a dead body by preventing its natural decay; in ancient Egypt a body was mummified by removing internal organs (except the heart) and drying out the remaining body tissue; the mummy was then buried |
| Mummy | a body prepared for burial or entombment in ancient Egypt |
| Papyrus | a type of paper that the ancient Egyptians made from the crushed pulp of a riverside plant; the plant itself is also known as papyrus |
| Pharaoh | the leader of ancient Egypt who was believed to be a god; the pharaoh had absolute power and total control |
| Pyramid | a geometrical shape with triangular sides sloping up to a single point from a square base; in ancient Egypt, stone pyramids were built as royal tombs for pharaohs |
| Sarcophagus | the outer case (usually stone) of the nest of coffins containing the dead body of a person of importance |
| Scarab | a type of beetle considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians; the word scarab also refers to items of stone or metal jewellery (called amulets) made in ancient Egypt in the form of the scarab beetle |
| Scribe | a highly educated person in ancient Egypt who was able to read and write |
| Sistrum | a metal musical instrument in ancient Egypt that rattled when shaken; the plural form is sistra |
| Shomu | harvest season |
| Valley of the Kings | a deep, rocky valley close to the Nile where many Egyptian pharaohs were buried |
Created by:
Mrs Huf
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