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World War I
A Glossary of Terms for Year 9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Alliance System | a series of agreements (alliances) formed between various European powers to work together to achieve shared goals; one of the factors contributing to the outbreak of World War I |
| Anarchism | a social and political theory that all government and laws should be abolished and people should live in free communities where individuals govern their own behaviour |
| Armistice | an agreement made by warring parties (e.g. countries) to stop fighting in order to negotiate peace |
| Assassination | the murder of a prominent political or religious figure in a surprise attack |
| Bias | a prejudicial view or attitude towards someone or something that is not altered by the presentation of facts and evidence to the contrary |
| Capitalism | an economic system under which investment in, and ownership of, the means of production (e.g. factories, farms and machinery) are privately owned by individuals or corporations and run to generate profits |
| Colony | an outpost set up by a country, kingdom or empire, often for social financial or strategic (military) reasons |
| Conscription | the compulsory enlistment of people to serve in the armed forces |
| Conscientious objector | in wartime, a person who is opposed to the war and refuses to perform military service because it goes against their beliefs, religion or conscience |
| Corps | a large grouping of troops within an armed force that performs a certain function (e.g. the Royal Australian Infantry Corps and the Royal Australian Army Medical Corps) |
| Digger | a miner, especially someone who digs for gold; also an informal term used to describe soldiers from Australia and New Zealand; first used during World War I |
| Dogfight | a close-range aerial combat between fighter planes |
| Dominions | a self-governing nation or state under British sovereignty in the later part of the 19th century and part of the British Empire; British dominions (at various times) included former colonies such as Australia, Canada, India and New Zealand |
| Empire | a group of countries and/or areas, often with different languages and having different cultures, ruled by a central power or leader (known as an emperor) |
| Enemy alien | an immigrant from an enemy nation (during times of war) who had settled in Australia before the conflict broke out (e.g. people of German heritage already living in Australia during World War II became known as enemy aliens) |
| Federation | the process by which separate colonies or states form a unified nation with a central government; the Commonwealth of Australia was established in 1901 after the six colonies were joined |
| Imperialism | the process of gaining and maintaining control over other countries, regions or territories for economic or strategic (military) reasons |
| The Industrial Revolution | the name given to the period of rapid development in manufacturing and industry from 1750 to 1900 particularly in Britain |
| Inflation | a general increase in the prices of goods and services accompanied by a fall in the value of money or currency |
| Intern | to imprison or keep confined in a particular place |
| Internment camp | a prison camp set up to confine enemy aliens, prisoners of war or political prisoners |
| Plebiscite | a direct vote by all electors in a country, city or state on a specific and important issue |
| Militarism | a focus within a country on boosting the strength of the military by growing the armed forces and spending on military equipment |
| Nationalism | a sense of pride in, and love of, one’s country; also the idea that one nation’s culture and interests are superior to those of another nation |
| Neutral nation | a country that decides not to take part in a war or to favour one side or the other |
| No man’s land | an area of land between two opposing armies that is unoccupied or unclaimed |
| Pacifist | a person opposed to violence and war |
| Propaganda | information or material that attempts to influence the behaviour or opinions of people within a society (e.g. posters, flyers, advertising campaigns, films) it promotes a particular cause or course of action and/or damage the cause of an enemy |
| Referendum | (in Australian history) a national vote of the people on actions proposed by the government; any proposed changes to the Australian Constitution must be put to a vote in a referendum |
| Reparations | money paid by one country to another as compensation for damage, injuries and deaths it has caused during war |
| Suffragette | a woman seeking the right to vote through organised campaigns and protests |
| Trade unions | an organised group of workers formed by the workers to protect their rights and ensure that their interests are taken into account by company owners and governments |
| The Treaty of Versailles | the treaty (binding agreement) that ended World War I and forced Germany to accept responsibility for starting the war and to pay reparations |
| Trench | the extensive system of ditches used in World War I to move troops and shelter from enemy gunfire, as well as a place from which to fire on the enemy |
| Triple alliance | the alliance formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy from 1882 to 1915 |
| Triple Entente | the alliance formed between Great Britain, France and Russia that formed the basis of the Allied Powers during World War I |
| Zeppelin | a large airship with a rigid frame filled with gas; commonly used across Germany to transport goods and people in the early 20th century |
Created by:
Mrs Huf
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