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Human Geo chapter 12

TermDefinition
Agglomeration a process involving the clustering or concentrating of people/ activities. Often refers to manufacturing plants, and businesses that benefit from close proximity because they share skilled labor pools and technological and financial amenities
Break of bulk theory location along a transport route where goods must be transferred from one carrier to another. In a port, cargoes of ships are uploaded and put on trains and trucks for inland distributions.
Commodification the process through which something is given monetary value
Commodity theory the scarcer something is, the more desirable it becomes
Comparative advantage the ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost then another producer
Deindustrialization a phenomenon characterized by a share of total employment falling dramatically in more developed countries
Ecotourism a form of tourism, based on the enjoyment of scenic areas or natural wonders that aim to provide an experience of nature or culture in a environmentally sustainable way.
Flexible production system a system of industrial production by a set of processes in which the components of goods are made in different places around the globe and then brought together as needed to meet customers demand.
Fordist highly organized and specialized system or organizing industrial production or labor. Named after automobile producer Henry Ford Fordist production, features assembly line production of standardized components of mass production
Friction of distance increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance
Gender empowerment measure (GEM) compares the ability of men and women to participate in economic and political decision making
Gender inequality Index (GII) a measure of the extent of each countries gender inequality
Global division of labor phenomenon whereby corporations and others can draw from labor markets around the world
Globalization the expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact
IMF (International Monetary Fund) organization which gives loans to poor countries
Industrial Revolution social and economic changes in agriculture commerce and manufacturing that resulted from technological innovations and specialization in late eighteenth- century
Intermodal Connections places where two or more modes of transportation meet (including air, road, rail, barge, ship)
Just In Time Delivery Method of inventory management made possible by efficient transportation and communications systems, whereby companies keep on hand just what they need for near term production
Least Cost Theory Model developed by Alfred Weber according to which the location of manufacturing establishments is determined by the minimization of the three critical expenses: labor, transportation and agglomeration
Newly Industrializing countries (NIC) states that underwent industrialization after World War II and whose economies have grown at a rapid pace
Offshore with reference to production, to outsource to a third party located outside of the country. Ex Ford motor company’s car parts being made in Mexico
outsourced with reference to production, to turn over a third party located outside of the country. Ex outsource call center service jobs to India
Product Life Cycle the introduction growth, maturation, and decline of product
Rust Belt the post industrial region of the northeast and midwest, referring to its economic decline, population loss, and urban decay due to the shrinking of its once powerful industrial sectors
Spatial Fix the movement of production from one site to another based on the place - based cost advantages of the new site
SunBelt the south and southwest of regions of the U.S where climate is warm
Technopole centers or nodes of high tech research and activity around the high technology corridor
Vertical Integration ownership by the same firm of a number of companies that exist along a variety of points on the commodity chain
Created by: s456389
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