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Jude 7th - Chapter 7
Chapter 7: The Rise of Islam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Holy Sepulchre | church built over Christ's tomb |
| caravan | group of people traveling together |
| Allah | Arabic word for God |
| monotheism | belief in one God |
| Mecca | city where Muhammad received his revelations |
| Medina | Muhammad's capital city |
| Muhammad | founder of Islam |
| Quran | sacred book of Islam |
| mosque | Muslim house of worship |
| Arabic | language the Quran is written in |
| polygamy | having two or more wives |
| Five Pillars of Islam | commands left by Muhammad that every devout Muslim is required to observe |
| Islam | means submission |
| theocracy | government carried out by God or someone guided by God |
| Abu Bakr | first caliph after Muhammad |
| caliph | successor to the Prophet |
| infidels according to the Muslims | Jews and Christians |
| Omar | second caliph |
| Byzantine Empire | empire that helped fight against the Muslim Arab armies |
| Dome of the Rock | mosque built on top of the site of Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem |
| Othman | third caliph |
| Ali | fourth caliph |
| Umyaad family | powerful noble family from Mecca that Othman belonged to |
| Shiites | believed only descendants of Muhammad could be caliphs |
| Sunnis | did not believe that caliphs had to be descendants of Muhammad |
| Abbasid family | powerful family from Persia who took over the Umyaads |
| Al-Saffah | the bloodspiller |
| Baghdad | new Abbasid capital |
| Damascus | new Umyaad capital |