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Unit 9
Industrialization and Imperialism
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Annexation | Addition of new territory to an existing country |
| Boxer Rebellion | a 1900 revolt in China, aimed at ending foreign influence; peasants, resenting special privileges for foreigners and Chinese Christians, who were protected by foreign missionaries, formed a secret organization called the Society of Harmonious Fists. |
| Capitalism | All or most of the factors of production are owned by individuals, not the government, and operated for profit |
| Communism | A political system in which the government owns all property and dominates all aspects of life in a country. |
| Enclosure | In the 1600s, lords began fencing off the common land on their manors; this caused a population shift of peasants moving into cities |
| Entrepreneur | A person who starts up and takes on the risk of a business |
| Factors of Production | Land, labor, and capital; the three groups of resources that are used to make all goods and services. |
| Factory | A method of production that brought many workers and machines together into one building |
| Geopolitics | Taking a land for its location or products |
| Imperialism | When a strong nation dominates other countries politically, socially, and economically. |
| Industrialization | Process of industrial development in which countries change from producing basic, primary goods to using modern factories for mass-producing goods. |
| Industrial Revolution | Began in England in the 1700s; change from making goods by hand to making them by machine in factories |
| Kaiser | German Emperor |
| Middle Class | A social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers; the bourgeoisie |
| Open Door Policy | A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China. |
| Opium War | 1839-1842. Chinese attempted to stop the opium trade; British declared war against China and won. Treaty of Nanjing: agreed to open 5 ports to British trade, limit tariffs on British goods, and gave the British Hong Kong. |
| Otto Von Bismark | Prussian prime minister; he led the unification of Germany and the creation of the German empire. |
| Paternalism | Rulers treating the people they control as if they were children, providing for their needs, but not giving them rights. |
| Racism | Belief that one race is better than another |
| Realpolitik | Political theory, advocated by Bismarck, that national success justifies any means possible. Very Machiavellian. |
| Russo-Japanese War | A 1904-1905 conflict between Russia and Japan, sparked by the two countries' efforts to dominate Manchuria and Korea; Japan won. |
| Social Darwinism | The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle; justifies imperialism and the gap between the rich and the poor |
| Socialism | A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the factors of production. |
| Sphere of Influence | Area in which a foreign nation controlled trade and investment. Allowed open trade within China. Germany, Britain, France, Russia, and Japan could all trade within China, going into each countries' specific trading area. |
| Urbanization | Movement of people from rural areas to cities |
Created by:
saysonmariah
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