Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chem-Carbo Metabolis
Carbohydrate Metabolism Worksheet
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define glycogen | Storeage form of glucose |
| Define glycogenesis | Formation of glycogen from glucose |
| Define glycogenolysis | Breakdown of glycogen to glucose |
| Define glycolysis | Glucose changed to give energy |
| Define gluconeogenesis | Formation of glucose from non-carb sources (Fat or protein) |
| Define ketonuria | Keytones in urine |
| Define ketonemia | Keytones in the blood |
| Define ketoacidosis | Blood pH less than 7.35 caused by keytone bodies |
| Define hyperglycemia | High blood glucose |
| Define hypoglycemia | Low Blood glucose |
| Define glucosuria / glycosuria | Glucose in the urine |
| Define renal threshold | The amount of glucose that is more then the kidneys can Reabsorb. (160 - 180 mg/dL) |
| Define retinopathy | Diseases of the retina |
| What is a example of retinopathy | Retina sclerosis (Sclerosis = harding) |
| Where is glycogen made | Liver |
| Where is glycogen stored | In the liver and muscle |
| Where is insulin made | Beta cells of islets of langerhans in pancreas |
| What does insulin do | Transports glucose through the cell membrane (Must be present for glucose to enter cells) |
| How does insulin affect the blood glucose level | Insulin lowers blood glucose |
| Where is glucagon made | Alpha cells of the pancreas |
| What does glucagon do | Glucagon is a hormone that stimulates glyconeogenesis (glyconeogenesis is glucose formation from non-carbo sources) |
| How does glucagon affect the blood glucose level | Increases the blood glucose level |
| Where are ketone bodies made | In the liver |
| What are ketone bodies made from | Partically metabolized fatty acids. (They are the waste products from burning of fatty acid - breakdown of ketone bobies) |
| What does IDDM stand for | Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (Type I) |
| IDDM is also known as | Type I diabetes |
| What is the age of onset for IDDM | Anyage, but most common in young people |
| Discribe the type of onset from IDDM | Abrupt |
| What are some symptoms of IDDM | Weight loss, polyuria, polydisia, polyphagia |
| What does Endogenous mean | Coming from within |
| Does a person with IDDM have endogenous insulin | No, none |
| What causes IDDM | Genic,distruction of beta cells, autoimmune |
| What does NIDDM stand for | NonInsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (Type II) |
| NIDDM is also known as | Type II Diabetes |
| What is the age of onset for NIDDM | Any, more common in adults (Often over 30) |
| What are some symptoms of NIDDM | Drozzy after eating |
| What does NIDDM stand for | Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus |
| What is another name for NIDDM | Type II Diabetes |
| What is the age of onset for NIDDM | Any, more common in adults (often over 30) |
| Discribe the type of onset from NIDDM | Gradual |
| What causes NIDDM | Genetics,obesity,beta cells exhausted |
| Can NIDDM lead to use of oral or insulin use eventually | yes |
| Can you change from typeII to a typeI | no |
| What are the oral agents used with NIDDM | 1/3 diet alone |
| Are oral agents used with IDDM | No |
| Which type of diabetes has a tendency to get ketoacidosis | TypeI |
| Which type of diabetes may be controlled by diet alone | TypeI |
| Which tpye of diabetes is harder to control | TypeI |
| what do diabetics metablolize instead of glucose | Fats = Lipids |
| What is retinopathy | Slerosis(hardening) of the tiny blood vessels |
| Complications of diabetes (8) | Aherosclerosis,Retinopathy,CAD,Poor Wound Healing,Neuropathy,Nephropathy,Peripheral Vascular Disease,Suceptable to Infection |
| What is atherosclerosis | Lipids deposits in arteries (too many lipids) |
| What is CAD | Corinary artery disease |
| What is Retinopathy | Hemorrage-impaired vision-blindness(no glucose metabolizes lipids) |
| What is Peripheral vascular disease | Poor circulation due to fatty deposits |
| What does Poor wound healing mean | Poor circulation-lack of nutrients-treat with antibiotics |
| What does Suceptable to infection mean | WBC are not functioning |
| What is Nueropathy | Disease of the Nerves-numbness-loss of feeling in hands and feet |
| What is Nephropathy | Disease of the kidney-leak protein in the urine |
| What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia | Same as insulin shock-too much insulin |
| What is a fasting blood glucose sample | No food or beverage for 12 hours (can take meds with a little water) |
| What does OGTT stand for | Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
| What samples are taken for the OGTT | Fasting,1 hour,2hours + 3hours (after drinking sugar water) must drink w/in 5 minutes |
| What samples are taken for the OGTT if hypoglycemia is suspected | Also 4 + 5hours blood tests |
| Given renal threshold,patient's blood glucose level,how would you determine if glucose will be in the urine | Threshold is 160-180mg/dLIf Glucose is over 180mg/dLUnder 160mg/dL NO |
| How is the 2 hours postprandial glucose test done | Draw blood 2 hours after a meal |
| Normal result for 2-hour postprandial glucose test | Less than 140mg/dL(fasting normal level is 65-99mg/dL) |
| What does Hb-A1c test measure | HbA1+glucose=HbA1c-measures hemoglobin A1 combined with gluocose Normal is 4-6% (Glucose test not Hemoglobin test) |
| What is the advantage of the Hb-A1c/glycosylated hemoglobin test | Reflexs the blood glucose over three months |
| Diabetic coma insulin level | Low |
| Insulin shock insulin level | High |
| Dibetic coma blood glucose level | High |
| Insulin shock blood glucose level | Low |
| Diabetic coma have urine glucose | yes |
| Insulin shock have urine glucose | No |
| The onset of a Diabetic coma | Hours to days |
| The onset of Insulin shock | Suddenly in minutes |
| What are the symptoms of a Diabetic coma | Deep breathing,Dehydration,Acid tone smell to breath,Drowsy/Lathargic,Coma |
| What are the symptoms of Insulin shock | Shallow breathing,,Perperation,Rapid heart action,Light headed/Fainting,Seems intoxicated,Double vision,Coma |
| Treatment for Diabetic coma patient | Insulin |
| Treatment for Insulin shock patient | 15g carbs-1 small box of raisins,7-8 lifesavers,1/2 cup of orange juice,1/2 cup regular pop, Meal to follow--NO CANDY BARS |
Created by:
spawmary
Popular Medical sets