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A&P Ch 20

Endocrine System

QuestionAnswer
Of the endocrine glands, this gland in the brain secretes melatonin in response to decreasing sunlight. Pineal Gland
Of the endocrine glands, the hormones from this gland help regulate metabolism: Thryoid gland
Of the endocrine glands, the hormones from this gland help regulate blood calcium levels. Parathyroid Glands
This endocrine gland produces cortisol and releases it in times of stress as well as it produces adrenalin. Adrenal glands
The male endocrine gland that produces testosterone. Testes
The female endocrine gland that produces estrogen and progesterone. Ovary
Where is antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin stored and released? Posterior Pituitary
Where are ACTH, FSH, hGH, LH, PRL and TSH produced? Anterior Pituitary
Where are the releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones that regulate output from the anterior pituitary produced? Hypothalamus
Where do the releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones that regulate output from the anterior pituitary reach the anterior pituitary? Hypophyseal portal veins
Which cell secretes glucagon in the pancreatic islet? Alpha cell
Which cell secretes the blood glucose-reducing hormone and secretes insulin of the pancreatic islet? Beta cell
Which cell secretes the hormone that raises blood glucose of the pancreatic islet? Alpha Cell
Which cells of the adrenal gland secrete mainly aldosterone? Adrenal Cortex: Outer zone secretes mineralocorticoids, mainly aldosterone
Which cells of the adrenal gland secrete androgens? Inner zone
Which cells of the adrenal gland secrete epinephrine or adrenaline? Adrenal Medulla
Which cells of the adrenal gland secrete cortisol and other glucocorticoids? Middle zone
List 3 endocrine glands Adrenal gland, Thyroid gland, and Parathyroid gland
Generally, how many receptors for a hormone can be found on a target cell? 2,000- 100,000
The lipid soluble hormones include Thyroid hormones, Steroids, Nitric Oxide
List the following ways hormone secretion is regulated? Signals from the nervous system, Chemical changes in the blood, and The action of other hormones
What controls the anterior pituitary gland? Action of hypothalamic hormones
Which of the following anterior pituitary hormones stimulates growth? Human growth hormone
Which of the anterior pituitary hormones stimulates milk production? Prolactin
Which of the anterior pituitary hormones stimulates the production of cortisol? Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Which of the anterior pituitary hormones stimulates sex cell production? Luteinizing hormone
Which hormones does the posterior pituitary produce? Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
The amount of ADH (antidiurectic hormone)that is secreted varies with Blood osmotic pressure
Which of the glands regulate basal metabolic rate? Thyroid gland
Which hormone promotes basal metabolic rate? Thyroid hormone
Which of the hormones opposes the action of parathyroid hormone? Calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone is the major regulator of which ions in the blood? Calcium
Which blood glucose-lowering hormone is produced by the pancreatic islet cells? Insulin
Which hormone is stimulated by decreases in blood glucose? Glucagon
What is a role of aldosterone? Increase reabsorption of sodium ions from urine
List 3 effects of the glucocorticoid; Glucose formation, Immune suppression, Reduction of inflammation
The hormone that controls release of the stress hormone, cortisol, from the adrenal glands is ACTH =Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
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