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Mesopotamia
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Mesopotamia | a wide, flat plain in present-day Iraq |
Fertile Crescent | a region of the Middle East that stretches in a large, crescent-shaped curve from the Persian gulf to the Mediterranean Sea |
irrigate | supply water to |
city-state | an independent state that includes a city and its surrounding territory |
barter | a trading system in which people exchange goods directly without money |
import | a good or service sold within a country that is produced in another country |
export | a good or service produced within a country and sold outside the country's borders |
polytheism | the belief in more than one god |
ziggurat | pyramid-shaped brick towers used as temples |
cuneiform | a system of writing that uses triangular-shaped symbols to stand for ideas or things |
empire | a state containing several countries or territories |
rule of law | the idea that all members of a society must obey the law |
ally | an independent state that works with other states to achieve a shared military or political goal |
cultural trait | an idea or way of doing things that is common in a certain culture |
Hammurabi's Code | a set of laws that governed life in the Babylonian empire |
cavalry | soldiers who fight while riding horses |
tribute | payment made to show loyalty to a stronger power |
stele | a carved stone or pillar that stands on end |
standing army | a permanent army of professional soldiers |
monotheism | the belief in one god |
cultural diffusion | the spreading of cultural traits from one region to another |
canals | artificial waterways constructed to allow the passage of boats or ships inland or to convey water for irrigation |
dynasty | a line of hereditary rulers of a country |
demons | evil spirits or devils |
floodplain | an area of low-lying ground adjacent to a river, formed mainly of river sediments and subject to flooding |
monsters | imaginary creatures that are typically large, ugly, and frightening |
silt | fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment |
epic | a poetic story, usually related to heroic deeds of a person of an unusual courage and unparalleled bravery |
Tigris and Euphrates | a major river system in western Asia that flows through Syria through Iraq and into the Persian Gulf |
archetype | a very typical example of a certain person or thing |
dams | barriers constructed to hold back water and raise its level, forming a reservoir used to generate electricity or as a water supply |
Zoroastrianism | monotheistic religion that believes that the world is involved in a struggle between good and evil |