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Ch 9. 1-2 Ch 17. 1-2

vocab

TermDefinition
Bedouins Small groups of Nomadic people in Arabia
Muhammad Prophet of Islam whom Muslims recognized as Allah's messenger to all humankind; his teachings form the basis of Islam.
Hegira Mohammad's journey from Mecca to Medina
Islam A monotheistic religion whose prophet is Muhammad and whose holy book is the Qur'an; the term means" acheiving peace through surrender of God"
Muslims Followers of Islam
Five Pillars of Islam Behaviors and obligations that are common to all Muslims, which include the profession of faith, the performance of five daily prayers; the giving of alms, the requirement to fast, and the journey to Mecca or Hajj
Mosque A building for Muslim prayer
Jihad ''struggles in the path of god'' although not necessarily imply violence, often interpreted to mean holy war in the name of islam
Abu Bakr first Muslim caliph; as a close companion and successor to Muhammad, he unified the restive Bedouin tribes of central Arabia into a strong fighting force that he lead to Iraq and Syria.
Caliph "successor to the Prophet," title given to the political and religious leader of Muslims
Caliphate spiritual and temple rule of the muslim community
Umayyad first ruling dynasty over the Muslim caliphate
Sunnis "people who follow the Sunna (way of the Prophet)"; the largest branch of Islam; believers accepted the first four caliphs as rightful successors of Muhammad.
Shia Muslims who trace their beliefs back to the calip Ali (Muhammad's son-inlaw) who was assassinated in 661 CE
Sufis a branch of Islam emphasizing a personal, mystical connection with God.
Abbasid dynasty that overthrew the Umayyad dynasty to rule the Muslim caliphate from 750 to 1258; for 150 yrs the Abbasids maintained the unity of the caliphate and Islamic culture and civilization flourished.
Harun al-Rashid Fifth Abbasid caliph (ruled 786 to 809); under his rule, the Abbasid dynasty reached it's height and Islamic culture experienced a flowering.
Ghazis warriors for the Islamic faith
Ottomans ruling dynasty of the Ottoman empire (1293-1922) named for Osman I, the founder; at the Empire's height, the Ottomans ruled a vast area that encompassed southwest Asia, northeast Africa, and southeast Europe
Sultan title for the ruler of the Ottoman Empire
Janissaries highly trained soldiers in the elite guard of the Ottoman Empire
Mehmed II Sultan of the Ottoman empire from 1444 to 1446 and again from 1451 to 1481;he was a strong military leader who conquered the Byzantine capital of Constantinople
Suleyman I Sultan of the Ottoman empire from 1520 to 1566; he expanded the empire and took on a large economic and political role in the affairs of Europe and the Mediterranean
Shah name given to a king of the Safavid Empire
'Abbas Shah of Safavid Empire in Persia from 1588 to 1629; his military victories against the Ottomans and skilled administration brought about a golden age in Safavid history
Babur Founder of the Mughal empire of India; he invaded Afghanistan and India and established an empire there
Mughal Empire a Muslim empire in India (1526-1761) founded by Babur
Akbar the great Mughal emperor of India; he ruled from 1556 until 1605 and continued the policy of conquest put in place under regent Bairim khan, enlarging his empire to include nearly all of the Indian peninsula north of the Godavari river
Sikhism an Indian religion founded in the late 1400s whose beliefs blend elements of Hinduism and Islam
Shah Jahan Mughal emperor of India from 1628 to 1658; under his rule, Mughal power reached its height and his age was the golden period of Muslim art and architecture
Taj Mahal A mausoleum built by India's Mughal emperor Shah Jahan from 1632-1643 to honor his wife
Aurangzeb 1618–1707, Mogul emperor of Hindustan 1658–1707.
Qur'an A reciting" Islamic bible, which Muslim believe God revealed to the prophet Muhammad
Created by: jordanthomasb
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