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BYZANTIUM - 11.18.09

Pertinent Facts - Byzantine Empire

QuestionAnswer
In what present day city was Constantinople located? Istanbul
In what present day country was Constantinople located? Turkey
What phrase described the city of Constantinople? "Shining light of the World"
Who established the capital of the Eastern Empire? Constantine
What were the most importan t contributins of the Byzantine Empire to the Western World? [1]Preservation of classical western culture[2] Spread of Orthodox Christianity to Slavs
Why was the location of Constantinople important? [1] Trade crossroads - land and sea [2] Defensible because of walls and waters
What were 3 major contributions of Justinian? [1] Reovery of lost Western Roman Empire [2] Construction of the Haghia Sophia - Church considered the 8th wonder of the world [3] Codification of Roman laws
Nike Rebellion Attempt to overthrow Justinian & Theodora. Fought between 2 rival factions - Blues & Greens, Slaughter in the Hippodrome
Gang Wars Actually rival religious groups: What was nature of Christ? Man only/Both Man-God
Contributions of Heraclius Reorganized government, efficient administration, formation of citizen army
Military Technology Greek Fire - shot flames 50 feet out of a cannon, naptha and some other material; Germ warfare, Defensive wall systems, Chain across the Golden Horm
Leo the Isaurian Started Iconoclastic Controvery
Iconoclasm Question of whether religious paintings (icons) should be displayed in churches and monasteries. Leo forbade the use.
Iconoclasts Favored the destruction of icons
Iconophiles Wanted to contnue the use of icons in holy structures
Caesaropapsim Western term (Latin) used to describe the power of the Byzantine Emperor. Involved in both secular and religious decisions.
Empress Irene Ended the controversy over icons, reinstituted their use in the church
Anna Comnena Upper class, educated woman, 1st female historian, author of THE ALEXIAD
Cyril & Methodius Missionaries who spread Orthodox Christianity to the Slavs
Cyril & Methodius Missionaries who spread Orthodox Christianity to the Slavs
Decline of Byzantium Inflation, taxes, peasants, Islamic advance, trade rivals, 4th Crusade
12 April 1204 Destruction of Constantinople by Christian Crusaders, city plundered, churches desicrated, treasures taken to Europe
Venice Italian city state that benefitted most from plunder of Constantinople, new trade giant
Created by: NHSNHSNHS
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