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DIGESTIVE SYS
ms.Kirchman
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cholecystectomy | surgical instrument used to remove the gallbladder |
| Trachea v. Esophagus | trachea connects the upper airway to the lungs:cartilages esophagus connects the mouth to the stomach:muscular |
| Pharynx | Throat |
| Parts of Small Intestine | duodenum-absorption through the villi jejunum-pecialized for the absorption through its lining by enterocytes ileum-absorb vitamin B12, bile salts, and whatever products of digestion were not absorbed by the jejunum. |
| Parts of Large Intestine | ascending colon transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon & rectum |
| stoma | stoma is any opening in the body. |
| Guaiac | stool guaiac test or guaiac fecal occult blood test is one of several methods that detects the presence of fecal occult blood. |
| Hernia | bulging of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening. |
| Megaly | enlargement |
| enter/o | Prefix referring to the intestine, as in enteropathy (a disease of the intestine) and enterospasm (a painful, intense contraction of the intestine). |
| yellow | Xanth |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease | digestive disorder that affects the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the ring of muscle between the esophagus and stomach. |
| Formation and storage of bile | bile is produced continuously by the liver (liver bile), and stored and concentrated in the gallbladder. |
| Bilirubin | is an orange-yellow pigment that occurs normally when part of your red blood cells break down. Your liver takes the bilirubin from your blood and changes its chemical make-up so that most of it is passed through your poop as bile. |
| Bile | critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. |
| Gallstones | A hardened cholesterol and bilirubin deposit within the fluid in the gallbladder, |
| ostomy | ostomy pouching system is a prosthetic medical device that provides a means for the collection of waste from a surgical stoma |
| hematemesis | vomiting blood |
| Enzymes | Enzymes are proteins that control the speed of chemical reactions in your body. |
| Eructation | burping |
| Glossia | Tongue |
| bariatrics | overweight larger over 40 bmi |
| Catalysis | increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst, |
| Melena | dark black stool with or w/o blood |
| proximal vs distal | Proximal then refers to something closer to the torso while distal refers to parts and places away from the torso |
| Dysphagia | Dysphagia was defined as difficulty swallowing any liquid (including saliva) or solid material. |
| Dysphasia | Dysphasia was defined as speech disorders in which there was impairment of the power of expression by speech, writing, or signs or impairment of the power of comprehension of spoken or written language. |
| halitosis | bad breath |
| saliva | alkaline secretion of water, mucin, protein, salts, and often a starch-splitting enzyme (such as ptyalin) that is secreted into the mouth by salivary glands, lubricates ingested food, and often begins the breakdown of starches. |
| sphincters in GI tract | Its primary functions are to allow food to pass from the esophagus into the stomach, to allow air to escape from the stomach when burping, and to prevent stomach acid from washing back up into the esophagus. |
| ascites | Abdominal swelling caused by accumulation of fluid, most often related to liver disease. |
| Flatus | Gas in the intestinal tract or gas passed through the anus. Intestinal gas contains numerous gases including oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and methane. |
| calculus (plural calculi) | stones-concretion of material, usually mineral salts, that forms in an organ or duct of the body |
| ingestion | process of taking food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it. |
| digestion | process of breaking down food by mechanical and enzymatic action in the alimentary canal into substances that can be used by the body. |
| absorption | absorption of the end products of digestion into the villi that line the intestine. |
| elimination | the act of discharging or excreting waste products or foreign substances from the body. 2 eliminations plural : bodily discharges including urine, feces, and vomit. |
| perforation | a hole or break in the containing walls or membranes of an organ or structure of the body. Perforation occurs when erosion, infection, or other factors create a weak spot in the organ and internal pressure causes a rupture |
| Endoscopy | find parasites that cause diarrhea, loose or watery stools, cramping, flatulence (gas) and other abdominal illness. |
| Ectomy | denoting surgical removal of a specified part of the body. |
| itis | inflammation |
| Buccal | relating to the cheek. |
| Lingual | relating to, near, or on the side toward the tongue. |
| strangulated hernia | hernia that is cutting off the blood supply to the intestines and tissues in the abdomen. |
| Mastication | chewing |
| neoplasm | abnormal and excessive growth |
| DX | for diagnosis, the determination of the nature of a disease. |
| Hemolysis | destruction of red blood cells. |
| atresia | absence or abnormal narrowing of an opening or passage in the body. |
| ng tubes | insertion of a plastic tube through the nose, past the throat, and down into the stomach |
Created by:
joanelle2020
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