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ch 4&5 APHUG
Ch 4 & 5 Rubenstein Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| custom. | the frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes a characteristic of the group of people performing the act. |
| folk culture. | culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups. |
| habit. | a repetitive act performed by a particular individual. |
| popular culture. | culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics. |
| taboo. | a restriction on behavior imposed by social customs. |
| material artifacts. | visible objects that a group possesses and leaves behind for the future including survival activities (food, shelter, clothing) and leisure activities (arts and recreation). |
| relocation diffusion. | the spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another. |
| environmental determinism. | 19th and early 20th century approach to the study of geography that argued that the physical environment caused human activities. |
| MDC. | more developed country. |
| LDC. | less developed country. |
| chador. | combination head covering and veil worn by many women in islamic countries. |
| dowry. | a gift (money, cattle, property, etc.) given to a groom's family by the bride's family in traditional cultures. |
| cultural imperialism. | people may lose their folk culture because of the influence of material elements of popular culture from MDCs. |
| hearths. | regions from which innovative ideas originate. |
| terrior. | describes the effect of environmental conditions (soil, climate, water) on a specific food item. |
| non-material aspects of folk culture | songs, dance, stories, customs, belief systems. |
| british received pronunciation (BRP). | the dialect of english associated with upper class britons living in the london area and now considered standard in the u.k. |
| creole or creolized language. | a language that results from the mixing of a colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated. |
| dialect. | a regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. |
| ebonics. | dialect spoken by some african americans. |
| extinct language. | a language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used. |
| franglais. | a term used by the french for english words that have entered the french language. a combination of "francais" and "anglais" (the french words for french and english) |
| ideograms. | the system of writing used in china and other east asian countries in which each symbol represents an idea or a concept rather than a specific sound, as is the case with letters in english. |
| isogloss. | a boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate. |
| isolated language. | a language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family. |
| language. | a system of communication through the use of speech, a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning. |
| language branch. | a collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago. |
| language group. | a collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary. |
| language family. | a collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history. |
| lingua franca. | a language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages. |
| literary tradition. | a language that is written as well as spoken. |
| official language. | the language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents. |
| pidgin language. | a form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages. |
| spanglish. | combination of spanish and english, spoken by hispanic americans. |
| standard language. | the form of a language used for official government business, education and mass communications. |
| vulgar latin. | a form of latin used in daily conversation by ancient romans, as opposed to the standard dialect, which was used for official documents. |
| angles or anglos. | word that english is derived from. |
| indo-european. | language family that includes english and 7 other branches spoken by a large percentage of europeans, north americans, and australians. |
| romance or latin languages. | branch of indo-european that includes french, spanish, italian, portuguese, and romanian. |
| sino-tibetan. | language family that includes mandarin and other chinese languages. |
| afro-asiatic. | language family that includes arabic and hebrew, and other languages spoken in north africa and southwestern asia. |
| austronesian. | language family spoken in southeast asia. |
| dravidian. | language family spoken in india. |
| altaic. | language family spoken by groups between eastern turkey and china and mongolia. |
| niger-congo. | language family spoken by 95% of people in sub-sahara africa. |
| japanese | separate language family spoken in japan. |
| korean. | separate language family spoken in india. |
| topography. | the study of the shape of earth's surface and features. includes the description of said features and shapes (maps). |
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