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musculoskeletal WL

musculoskeletal word list

QuestionAnswer
agonist The muscle(s) that produces the movement.
anatagonist The muscle(s) that relaxes in order to allow a movement.
Appendicular skeleton Consists of bones of the shoulders,hips,upper and lower extremities.
Arthitis Inflammtion of the joints.
arthrodesis Fusion/stabilization or binding of a joint.
arthroscopy Visual examintaion of a joint.
articular Pertaining to the rounded end of a bone.
atlas The first cervical vertebra which supports the skull.
Axial Skeleton Consists of the bones of the skull,thorax and vertebral colunm.
axis The second cervical vertebra which provides rotation of the skull.
bones Principal organs of support and protection in the body.
bone marrow Found within larger bones; responsibly for the production of blood cells.
carpal Pertaining to the wrist.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Soreness and weakness of the muscles of the thumb caused by pressure on the medial nerve.
cervical vertebra The seven vertebra which form the skeletal framework of the neck.
coccyx the tail of the vertebra colunm consisting of four or five fused vertebrae (tailbone).
compact bone Hard, outer layer of bone.
condyle A rounded process at the end of a bone that forms an articulation.
CDH Congenital (noted at birth) dislocation of the hip.
crepitation Dry grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together.
crest A type of bone process that has a large ridge shape.
diaphysis The shaft or long main portion of the bone.
epiphysis The end or extremity of the bone.
exacerbation Increase in sensitivity of a disease or any of its symptoms.
fascile A bundle of muscle fibres.
femorotibial Pertaining to the femur (thigh bone) and the tibia (lower leg bone).
flat bones Provide a broad surface for muscular attachment and protection for internal organs (pelvic bone).
foramen An opening in the bone for passage of blood vessels and nerves.
fracture The breakage of a bone due to trauma or illness.
Gluteus Maximus The largest muscle of the buttocks.
ilium The lateral flaring portion of the hip bone; upper of the three parts of the hip bone.
intervertebral disks Round structure with gelatinous mass in the center that seperates the vertebrae.
IM Intramuscular.
involuntary That which occurs with no discretionary control. Usually a visceral muscle (heart action or peristalsis).
irregular bones All other bones that cannot be grouped under other headings (vertebrae).
ischium The lower part of the hip bone.
joints The place(s) at which two bones meet (articulate).
kyphosis An exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic vertebrae. "hunchback" or "humpback".
laminectomy Excision of the lamina (a part of the posterior vertebral arch) to gain access to the spinal cord to remove tumors, etc.
Latissimus Dorsi The largest muscle of the back.
ligament Band of connective tissue that connects bone to bone.
long bone Found in extremities of the body (arms,legs, and fingers).
lordosis Abnormal inward curvature of the spine. (seen in pregnancy and obesity). Also referred to as swayback.
lumbar vertebrae The five vertebrae situated in the lower back which carry most of the weight of the torso.
metacarpectomy Excision of the bones of the hand.
muscles Structures that contract providing movement of the bone.
muscular tissue Refers to all of the contractile tissue of the body; two main types are voluntary and involuntary.
Musculoskeletal System Consists of bones,joints, and muscles, which provide the body with support,protection, and the ability to move.
myelocele Hernia of the spinal cord.
Open Reduction Surgical repair of a fracture with manipulation and insertion of a plate,screw, or nail.
osteoclasis To break a bone for therapeutic purposes.
osteoblast A cell in the bone marrow that produces bone.
osteoclast A cell in the bone marrow that reabsorbs bone.
osteoma A bone tumor.
osteoporosis Bone pores or cavities resulting from a decrease in bone density.
paraplegia Paralysis of lower spine, lower portion of the trunk and both legs.
Patellaplexy Surgical fixation of the kneecap.
Pelvimetry Measurement of the pelvis.
pelvis Basin-shaped structure that support the sigmoid colon,rectum,bladder and other soft organs of the abdomniopelvic cavity.
periosteum A dense fibrous membrane that covers the surface of the bone and contains blood vessels,lymphs and nerves.
phalageal Pertaining to the bones of the fingers and toes.
podiatry Foot treatment.
pubis The third portion of the hipbone that is situated in front of the bladder.
quadriplegia Paralysis of upper spine, all four extremities.
ribs A series of twelve pairs of curved bones attached to the vertebral colunm which provides protection for internal organs.
Rickets A medical condition caused by lack of vitamin D.
sacrum The five sacral vertebrae which is fused into a single bone.
Scoliosis Abnormal lateral rounded curvature of the spine.
short bone Bones that are as wide as they are long (ankles, wrists).
sinus A bone cavity.
Spina Bifida A genetic disorder that results in malformation of the spine due to imperfect joining of the vertebrae.
sternocleidomastoid A muscle of the chest arising form the sternum and inner part of the clavicle.
sternum Breast bone/chest plate.
subluxation A partial or incomplete dislocation.
substernal Pertaining to under the sternum (breastbone).
synarthroses Immovable joints.
syndactylism Condition of fingers and toes being joined together (webbed).
talipes Any deformity of the foot, especially those occuring congenitally, such as club foot.
tendon A strap composed of connective tissue that joins muscle to bone.
thoracic vertebrae The twelve vertebrae which support the chest and serve as a point of articulation of the ribs.
thorax The chest area.
torticollis Stiff neck caused by spasmodic contraction of the neck muscle.
trochanter A very large bony projection.
tubercle A small, rounded elevation from the surface of a bone.
tuberosity A large, rounded elevation from the surface of a bone.
vertebrae The twenty-six bones which make up the adult vertebral colunm.
voluntary That which is done with control. Usually a striated muscle such as the biceps. (e.g. walking,blinking).
Abduction Movement away from the midline.
Adduction Movement toward the midline.
Ankylosis Stiffness and immobility of a joint.
Appendage Any body part attached to a main structure.
Arthrocentesis Surgiacal puncture of a joint space using a needle.
Bone Mineral Density BMD, Radiographic Test to measure bone density.
Calcium citrate Supplement used to treat and prevent hypocalcemia.
Claudication Lamness,limping.
Cruciate ligaments Ligaments that cross each other forming an "x".
Diathroses Freely movable joint.
Dorsiflexion elevating the foot (pointing the toes up).
Extension Increases the angle of a joint.
Flexion Decreases the angle of a joint.
Hematopoisis Development of blood cells.
Hypotonia Diminished resistance to passive stretching.
Inversion Moving the sole of the foot inward.
Myelography Radiographic test of the spinal cord using contrast medium.
Orthopedic Surgeon Physician/Surgeon who specializes in the study of bones.
Plantar Flexion Lowering the foot(pointing the toes down).
Pronation Turning the palms downward.
Reduction Procedure that restores a bone to its normal position.
Sprain Muscular injury resulting from exerting physical force.
Supination Turning the palms upward.
Created by: zeldafan
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