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Unit 2
The First Civilizations
Term | Definition |
---|---|
domesticate | to tame; to change a wild plant or animal so it can be grown or raised by humans |
settlements | places where people start a new place to live where others have not before |
revolution | a very great change from things in the past |
sedentary | living in a fixed location; not nomadic |
agriculture | farming |
river valley | the area of land nearby and parallel to a river |
fertile | able to produce farm crops or other plant life |
irrigation | the act of supplying water to land or crops |
culture | the language, ideas, inventions, and art of a particular group of people |
cultural diffusion | the exchange of culture between at least two groups of people |
Neolithic | having to do with the New Stone Age, the time period from about 8,000 B.C.E to about 3,500 B.C.E characterized by the beginnings of farming |
Code of Hammurabi | a law code enacted by the king of Babylonia around 1772 BC |
social classes | groupings of people in a society based usually based on wealth, religion, ethnicity, or other factors |
civilization | an advanced state of development of a society as judged by such things as having a system of government and laws, using a written language, and keeping written records |
urban | relating to a city |
Fertile Crescent | the area of land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in the Middle East, also known as Mesopotamia, where the first human civilizations emerged |
adapt | to change; to adjust to new conditions |
turning point | an event that leads to lasting change |
nomadic | living like a nomad; moving from place to place, staying in one place temporarily |
Paleolithic | having to do with the Paleolithic Period, or Old Stone Age, the time period from 2 million B.C.E. to about 10,000 B.C.E. characterized by the use of stone tools |
hunter-gatherer | one who gets their food by hunting for it and collecting wild fruit, vegetables, and nuts; most humans in the Paleolithic Period were hunter-gatherers |