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Med Term Mod 16
Terms & Definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| integumentary system | skin & accessory organs |
| hair, nails & glands are the skin | accessory organs |
| integument means | covering |
| sweat glands | glands under the skin that produce sweat |
| sebum | oily secretion made by sebaceous glands |
| sweat | watery secretion that carries heat out of the skin |
| first function of the skin is | protection |
| second function of the skin is to | produce important secretions |
| third function of the skin is | sensation receptors for pain, pressure, temp & touch |
| fourth function of the skin is | thermoregulation |
| thermoregulation | maintaining body temp |
| nerve fibers coordinate thermoregulation by | carrying messages to skin from heat centers in brain sensitive to changes in body temp |
| blood vessels in skin dilate in order to | bring blood to the surface to reduce body heat |
| epidermis | outermost, thin, totally cellular layer of stratified squamous epithelium; contain keratin |
| dermis | dense, fibrous, connective tissue layer; contains collagen; middle layer of skin |
| squamous epithelium | flat, scale-like cells composing epidermis |
| albino | person with skin deficient in melanin |
| apocrine sweat gland | one of largest dermal exocrine glands located in axilla & genital areas |
| secertes sweat that acts with bacteria causing | body odor |
| basal layer | deepest region of epidermis, giving rise to all epidermial cells |
| collagen | structural protein found in skin & connective tissue |
| cuticle | band of epidermis at base & sides of nail plate |
| eccrine sweat gland | most numerous sweat-producing exocrine gland in body |
| epithelium | layer of skin cells forming outer & inner surface of body |
| hair follicle | sac within which each hair grows |
| keratin | hard protein material found in epidermis, hair & nails |
| means horny, & commonly found in horns of animals | keratin |
| lipocyte | a fat cell |
| luluna | half-moon=shaped, whitish area at base of nail |
| melanin | major skin pigment; formed by melanocytes in epidermis |
| paronychium | soft tissue surrounding nail border |
| pore | tiny opening on surface of skin |
| sebaceous gland | oil-secreting gland in dermis associated with hair follicles |
| stratified | arranged in layers |
| stratum | layer of cells |
| plural for stratum | strata |
| stratum corneum | outermost layer of epidermis, consisting of flattened, keratinized cells |
| subcutaneous layer | innermost layer of skin; contains fat tissue |
| skin is a | multilayered organ |
| avascular layer of the skin is | the epidermis |
| spongy, porous layer of the skin with a rich blood supply & wealth of fat producing cells | subcutaneous |
| stratum corneum or squamous epithelium | most superficial layer |
| epidermis cells are continually being shed and replaced by new cells generated at the deepest level of the epidermis | the basal layer or stratum germinativum |
| when new cells migrate towards the stratum corneum they | shrink, flatten & die |
| when stratum corneum cells shrink, flatten & die their cytoplasma is | replaced by keratin |
| keratin cells are eventually | sloughed off of the skin's surface |
| the barrier area of the skin | stratum corneum; prevents excessive loss of water, salts, and heat from the body |
| the membrane of cells at the skin's surface becomes thick and chemically resistant during what process | keratinization |
| melanocytes | special cells distributed throughout basal layer of epidermis; contain melanin |
| melanin | black pigment |
| the amount of melanin in the skin determines | skin color |
| melanin fiters | ultraviolet light |
| dermis is also known as | corium |
| accounts for most of the skin's mass | corium |
| papillary layer | one of two layers of dermis; superficial layer of the dermis raised into papillae that fit into corresponding depressions on the inner surface of the epidermis |
| contains ridges which form fingerprints & foot prints | papillary layer |
| reticular layer | deeper layer of the dermis formed of a dense network of fibrous tissue |
| along with collagen, elastic fingers are found within | the reticular layer |
| most of the fibers of the dermis are made up of | collagen |
| collagen | protein that gives skin its strength |
| collagen & elestic fibers give skin the ability to | be flexible; stretch & rebound |
| this allows us to sense pain, pressure, touch, and temperature | receptor endings of nerves within the dermis |
| dermis also contains | blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, muscle fibers, hair follicles, and sebaceous & sweat glands |
| in the dermis this plays a critical role in the regulation of body temperature | blood vessels |
| subcutaneous tissue anchors dermis & epidermis | to underlying muscle & bones |
| nerves & blood vessels that supply the skin run through | the subcutaneous layer |
| subcutaneous layer | composed of loose connective tissue filled with lipocytes |
| production & storage of fat in subcutaneous layer creates | a cushion for skin, as well as insulation against excessive heat loss |
| the hair is | an outgrowth from skin of flexible, keratinized fibers |
| hairs covers the surface of the body except | on hands, soles of feet, & external reproductive organs |
| hair is formed at | the junction of dermis & epidermis |
| the function of hair is to | provide protection to delicate body structures |
| each hair consists of | a root & hair follicle |
| hair is formed from cells at the | base of follicale that push upward |
| hair shaft | visible portion of hair; network of horny cells |
| hair color is determined by | melanocytes at the root of hair follicle |
| texture & color of nails can | give clues to patient's health |
| nails | hard flat plates of keratin covering fingers & toes, protecting from injury |
| visble portion of the nail is called | nail body |
| the pink color of the nail body is from | highly vascular nail bed underneath |
| nail root is found at | cuticle |
| cuticle | fold of skin at the base of each nail |
| lunula | mark site of nail growth |
| soft tissue that surrounds the nail border is called | paronychium |
| sebum is able to help protect against infections because it is | acidic |
| sebaceous glands of the skin are most numerous on | the scalp, face, back & upper chest |
| sebaceous glands are found in | the dermal layer of the skin |
| there are two types of sweat glands | eccrine & apocrine |
| eccrine glands | tiny, coiled structures located in dermis |
| ducts open directly onto the surface of skin as pores | eccrine glands |
| apocrine glands | larger excretory organs deeply embedded in dermal layer |
| located under arms & near genitals | apocrine glands |
| persperation | watery secretion produced by sweat glands to help regulate body temp |
| pores | ducts of sweat glands emerging on skin's surface |
| keratinzed cells | horny cells |
| poison ivy is | a contact dermatitis |
Created by:
lfrancois
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