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Ancient Egypt
Term | Definition |
---|---|
cataract | wild rapids formed by boulders and narrow cliffs |
cataract | natural barrier that protected Egypt’s southern border |
papyrus | a reed plant that grew along the Nile used for making sandals, rafts, baskets, and a paper |
pyramid | giant tombs of the pharaohs in the Old Kingdom |
dynasty | a line of rulers from the same family |
dynasty | power passes from father to son |
Memphis | capital of Egypt during the Old Kingdom |
pharaoh | term used to describe the all powerful king of Egypt |
Khufu | had the Great Pyramid of Giza built for his tomb |
Upper Egypt | area located south of the Nile River delta |
Lower Egypt | delta area in northern Egypt |
Old Kingdom | the pyramids were constructed during this period of time |
Middle Kingdom | golden age of prosperity, achievement, and stability in Egypt |
New Kingdom | time period when Egypt acquired new territory and reached the height of its power |
Ramses II | built the temple at Abu Simbel |
Hyksos | western Asian people who conquered the Middle Kingdom |
Hatshepsut | female pharaoh who made Egypt rich through trade |
Hatshepsut | her reign was a time of peace and prosperity |
Thebes | capital of Egypt during the Middle Kingdom |
Nile River | floods were gentle & dependable, brought fertile soil to farmland |
Menes(a.k.a Narmer) | king of Upper Egypt who conquered Lower Egypt and united the two lands and created the double crown to signify this |
Amenhotep II | he changed his name to Akhenaton which means “spirit of Aton” |
Amenhotep II | attempted to reform the polytheistic religion to only one god |
Ahmose | drove the Hyksos out of Egypt |
Ahmose | first Pharoah of the New Kingdom |
Ra | the main Egyptian god |
delta | a triangular, marshy and fertile area of land near the end of a river |
delta | natural barrier that protected Egypt’s northern border |
embalming | the process used to prevent a dead body from decomposing |
Thutmose III | he brought Egypt wealth through war, trade and tribute |
Tutankhamen | mostly famous for his tomb, first to be discovered intact and undisturbed (by Howard Carter in 1922) |
hieroglyphics | Egyptian writing composed of symbols |
irrigation techniques | basins, canals, shadoofs |
tribute | forced gift or payment to show respect or admiration |
Napata | capital of Kush |
Red Lands | deserts to the East and West of the Nile, natural protective barriers from invasion |