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Religion in Asia
The development and impact of Hinduism & Buddhism on India, & Confucianism on
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were ideologies of Indo-European religious traditions preserved in? | The Vedas |
| When did the religious traditions of the Dravidian population and Indo European religious traditions blend together to form hinduism? | 750 to 550 BCE |
| What was the writing of this new hinduism formed by the Dravidian population and the Indo-European population? | The Upanishads |
| What was the central belief in Hinduism? | That all living things are reincarnated after death with the quality of life based on the deeds (karma) of the individual in the previous life. |
| What are humans expected to live by according to the Hindu religion? | Dharma |
| What is the reward for living a life with good conduct? | The release from the cycle of reincarnation. |
| What is the release from the cycle of reincarnation called? | Moshka |
| What did the dominance of the Indo-European Aryans over the indigenous Dravidians as well as the faith result in? | The creation of a rigid social class system called Caste or Varna. |
| How was the population divided for the social class system? | Into five hereditary social classes based on ethnicity and occupation. |
| When did Hinduism fully develop? | During the Gupta Dynasty (320 CE to 550 CE) |
| What Hindu traditions became commonplace during the Gupta dynasty? | The hereditary nature of the occupational classes of the Caste System, patriarchy, the belief in a pantheon of gods, a rich tradition of epic literature and the construction of monumental Hindu architecture. |
| What faiths challenged Hinduism's dominance in the region around 500 BCE? | Jainism and Buddhism |
| Where did Buddhism gain adherents? | Along trade routes |
| Where did Buddhism gain much popularity? | East and Southeast Asia |
| Who founded Buddhism? | A Hindu Prince named Siddhartha Gautama |
| What did Siddhartha Gautama reject about Hinduism? | The caste system and the pantheon of Hindu gods |
| What did Buddha teach that was against the Hindu religion? | Spiritual enlightenment (nirvana) and escape from the cycle reincarnation could be reached in a single lifetime by accepting the Four Noble Truths and following the Eightfold Path. |
| When did Buddhism reach its peak? | During the Mauryan Dynasty (324-184 BCE) under the emperor Ashoka. |
| What did Ashoka make state policy? | The promotion and spread of Buddhism |
| What did Ashoka's policies do for Buddhism? | They ensured Buddhism would endure as a major world religion. |
| When did Buddhism fall out of favor in South Asia? | During the Gupta dynasty (320 CE-550 CE) |
| What religion had monks and nuns build monasteries along major trade routes? | Buddhism |
| How did Buddhism stay relevant during the Gupta Dynasty? | By being spread along the Indian Ocean and Silk Road |
| What did the Buddhist monasteries do? | Spread the buddhist faith along the traveling merchants and offered a life free of the traditional confines of patriarchy as well as freedom from the caste system for both men and women. |
| When did Confucius live? | During the waning days of the Zhou Dynasty, a period of social and political upheaval (551-479 BCE). |
| His philosophy was recorded by his followers in the... | Analects |
| What did the Analects propose? | A solution to the unrest in China. |
| What did he argue held the key to social order? | filial piety and the Mandate of Heaven. |
| For Confucius, what did the family serve as? | A model for society as whole |
| What did the eldest male of the family hold? | A moral obligation to lead care for his household with wisdom and benevolence in exchange each member of the family was obliged to obey. |
| What did confucius believe that hierarchy of the family could do? | It could be expanded to bring oder to society as a whole. |
| What did Confucius argue about human's morality? | He believed that people were innately good and that if treated with respect would obey righteous leaders. |
| What was important about the five relationships the Analects laid out? | They were rooted in long held Chinese traditions and would bring peace and order to society. |
| What was each relationship based in? | Reciprocal respect and duty |
| What were the five relationships set by Confucius? | Ruler & subject, father & son, husband & wife, older brother & younger brother, and friend & friend. |
| What would be in place in an ideal Confucian society? | Wise superiors protect and respect their subordinates, subordinates obey and respect their superiors and all obey the golden rule. |
| What is the golden rule? | "Never do to others what you would not like them to do to you." |
| What did Confucianism create? | A fairly rigid social hierarchy, strongly supported patriarchy, encouraged education, and supported the tradition veneration in China from the Han dynasty onward. |
Created by:
savannahreynolds
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