click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
C4 - Ancient Greece
Chapter 4 - Ancient Greece
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Why did Greek cities develop independently? | The mountains and seas separated them. |
Where was the cultural base of Minoan civilization? | The Palace at Knossos. |
What most likely caused the fall of the Minoans? | Myceneans invaded. |
What was the 1st Greek state called? | Mycenae. |
Where did the Greeks spread to during the Dark Ages? | Many Greeks sailed to islands and Ionian Greece. |
Where was Ionian Greece located? | On the West Coast of Asia Minor. |
What two epic poems did Homer write? | The Iliad and Odyssey. |
What is the main idea of the Iliad? | Achilles and the Trojan War. |
What is the main idea of the Odyssey? | Odysseus returning from the Trojan War. |
What were used as two of the main textbooks for the Greeks? | The Iliad and Odyssey. |
What was used as the center of Greek life? | The polis. |
What is an acropolis? | A fortess or temple that was used for worship and shelter. |
What is an agora? | A market. |
What were the Greek soldiers called? | Hoplites. |
They marched in a large, rectangular formation. What was it called? | The Phalanx formation. |
What is the name of the most notable Greek colony? | Byzantium. |
How do tyrants gain power? | They take control by force. |
What is an oligarchy? | Government ruled by few. |
In an oligarchy, what are ephors responsible for? | The education and behavior of citizens. |
In an oligarchy, what is the council of elders responsible for? | They debate about the problems in the city. |
What kind of state was Sparta? Why did they decide to be this? | A military state. Sparta needed to maintain control of their slaves. |
What were the Spartan slaves called? What does it mean? | Helots. It means "capture". |
What did Solon do for Athens? | He reformed their goverment and economy. |
Who brought democracy to Athens? | Cleisthenes. |
What caused the Persian War? | The Ionian cities rebeled against Greece. They had help from the Persians. |
Athens defeated the Persian King, Darius, in 490 BC. Where did this happen? Which war was occuring? | The Persians were defeated in Marathon. It happened during the Persian War. |
In 480 BC, Xerxes defeated the Spartans. Where did this happen? | Thermopylae. |
How many men did Xerxes and the Spartans have? | Xerxes had 180,000 and the Spartans had 300. |
Why was the Delian League made and who controlled it? | The Delian League was made to protect from invaders. Athens ended up controlling it. |
Who took part in Athens direct democracy? | All of the male citizens. |
Why did Sparta create the Peloponnesian League? | They were trying to prevent Athenian dominance in Greek. |
When did Athens fall to Sparta? | In 404 BC. |
What did Greek philosophers study? | Math, music, logic, ethics, and morals. |
What did Sophists believe? | They believed humans would never understand the universe, so everybody should only try to improve themselves. |
Who said "The unexamined life is not worth living."? | Socrates |
What did Plato believe about government? | "People cannot live a good life unless they live in a just and moral state." |
Who opened the Lyceum? | Aristotle. |
What was architecture meant to show? | Balance and harmony. |
How did artists portray people? | Artists portayed people as perfect. |
Who wrote Oedipus Rex? | Sophocles. |
Who was Thucydides? | He was considered to be the greatest historian of the ancient world. |
What book did Herodotus write? | "Father of History". |
Where did the Greeks believe that the gods lived? | On Mt. Olympus. |
What 4 kingdoms did Alexander's empire get divided into after he died? | Egpyt, Pergamum, Syria, and Macedonia. |
What was created when Alexander mixed Greek and Persian culture? | The Hellenistic culture. |
What does Hellenistic mean? | "To imitate greeks". |
According to the Stoics, how could you achieve happiness? | By gaining inner peace and harmony with God. |
ESSAY: What was the importance of Homer's epic poems? | -iliad -achilles-odyssey -odysseus-history -heroes -courage & honor |
ESSAY: How did the Hellinistic kingdoms influence the spread of Greek culture to SW Asia? | -define hellenistic -cities & kingdoms -Pergamum, Syria, Macedonia, Egypt -The Hellinistic kingdoms were the chief agents in the spread of Greek culture in SW Asia. |