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Semester 2 Final-SS6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| astronomer | person who studies stars, planets, and other heavenly bodies |
| fable | short tale that teaches a lesson |
| legacy | what a person leaves behind when he or she dies |
| myth | traditional story describing gods or heroes or explaining natural events |
| oracle | sacred shrine where a priest or priestess spoke for a god or goddess |
| philosophy | study of the nature and meaning of life; comes from the Greek word for "love of wisdom" |
| Socratic method | way of teaching developed by Socrates that used a question-and-answer format to force students to use their reason to see things for themselves |
| tragedy | form of drama in which a person struggles to overcome difficulties but meets an unhappy end |
| philosopher | thinker who sees wisdom and ponders questions about life |
| Hellenistic Era | period when the Greek language and Greek ideas spread to the non-Greek peoples of southwest Asia |
| acupuncture | Chinese practice of easing pain by sticking thin needles into patients' skin |
| aristocrat | noble whose wealth came from land ownership |
| barbarian | uncivilized people |
| Confucianism | system of beliefs introduced by the Chinese thinker Confucius; taught that people needed to have a sense of duty to their family and community in order to bring peace to society |
| Daoism | Chinese philosophy based on the teachings of Laozi; taught that people should turn to nature and give up their worldly concerns |
| filial piety | children's respect for their parents and older relatives, an important part of Confucian beliefs |
| Legalism | Chinese philosophy developed by Hanfeizi; taught that humans are naturally evil and therefore need to be ruled by harsh laws |
| monastery | religious community where monks live and work |
| mandate | formal order |
| pictograph | a character that stands for an object |
| treason | disloyalty to the government |
| terror | violent actions that are meant to scare people into surrendering |
| ideograph | a character that joins two or more pictographs to represent an idea |
| Dao | the proper way Chinese kings were expected to rule under the Mandate of Heaven |
| calligraphy | beautiful handwriting |
| republic | form of government in which the leader is not a king or queen but a person elected by citizens |
| patrician | wealthy landowner and member of the ruling class in ancient Rome |
| plebeian | artisans, shopkeepers, and owners of small farms |
| veto | to reject |
| latifundia | large farming estates in ancient Rome |
| triumvirate | in ancient Rome, a three-person ruling group |
| Pax Romana | "Roman Peace", a long era of peace and safety in the Roman Empire |
| aqueduct | human-made channel built to carry water |
| currency | system of money |
| gladiator | in ancient Rome, person who fought animals and other people as public entertainment |
| rhetoric | public speaking |
| plague | disease that spreads quickly and kills many people |
| inflation | period of rapidly increasing prices |
| mosaic | picture made from many bits of colored glass, tile, or stone |
| reform | change that tries to bring about an improvement |
| messiah | in Judaism, a deliverer sent by God |
| disciple | close follower of Jesus |
| resurrection | the act of rising from the dead |
| salvation | the act of being saved from sin and allowed to enter heaven |
| persecute | mistreat |
| martyr | person willing to die rather than give up his or her beliefs |
| hierarchy | organization with different levels of authority |
| doctrine | official church teaching |
| excommunicate | to declare that a person or group no longer belongs to a church |
| monastery | religious community where monks live and work |
| missionary | person who travels to carry the ideas of a religion to others |
| icon | Christian religious image or picture |
| concordat | agreement between the pope and the ruler of a country |
| feudalism | political system based on bonds of loyalty between lords and vassals |
| vassal | in feudalism, a noble who held land from and served a higher-ranking lord, and in return was given protection |
| fief | under feudalism, the land a lord granted to a vassal in exchange for military service and loyalty |
| knight | in the Middle Ages, a noble warrior who fought on horseback |
| serf | peasant laborer bound by law to the lands of a noble |
| guild | medieval business group formed by craftspeople and merchants |
| grand jury | group that decides whether there is enough evidence to accuse a person of a crime |
| trial jury | group that decided whether an accused person was innocent or guilty |
| clergy | religious officials, such as priests, given authority to conduct religious services |
| heresy | belief that differs from or contradicts the accepted teachings of a religion |
| mass | Catholic worship service |
| anti-semitism | hatred of Jews |
| theology | the study and religion of God |
| scholasticism | medieval way of thinking that tried to bring together reason and faith in studies of religion |
| vernacular | everyday language used in a country or region |
| plague | disease that spreads quickly and kills many people |
| Reconquista | "Reconquest", Christian struggle to take back the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims |
Created by:
MorgannGregory
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