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Chap 12 MedTerm
Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| epiglottis | lid like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx (voice box), preventing food from entering during swallowing |
| vocal folds | one or two small bands bands of muscle within the larynx; muscles vibrate to produce the voice |
| epiglottis (closed) | |
| lobes of the lungs | three lobes on the right, two on the left |
| how many lobes of lungs on the right? | three |
| how many lobes of lungs on the left? | two |
| organs in the mediastinum | (area between the lungs) heart, large arteries, the trachea, esophagus, the bronchi, and lymph nodes |
| Mediastinum | Includes thymus gland |
| parietal pleura | the outer layer (fold) of pleura lying closest to the ribs |
| pleural cavity | space between the folds of the pleura |
| Mediastinum | region between the lungs in the chest cavity |
| visceral pleura | inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue |
| atelectasis | condition of imperfect lung expansion; collapsed lung |
| "c" | shaped rings of cartilage prevent collapse |
| bronchi : bronchus | branch of the trachea (windpipe) passageway into the lung; bronchial tube |
| bronchioles | smallest branches of the bronchi : lead to alveolar ducts |
| pleural cavity | visceral pleura, pleura cavity, parietal pleura |
| Breathing | is a muscular contraction- relaxation of the diaphragm |
| nose | nostrils |
| Pharynx: Nasopharynx | the area of the upper throat that lies behind the nose |
| Pharynx: Oropharynx | the area of the upper throat that lies behind the nose |
| Alveoli | air sacs of the lungs |
| parenhyma | distinctive tissue of an organ or an abnormal growth |
| capn/o | carbon dioxide |
| laryng/o | larynx, voice box |
| phon/o | voice |
| phren/o | diaphragm |
| ema | condition |
| orth/o | |
| tel/o | complete |
| pneum/o | air, lung |
| lobectomy | surgical removal of a lobe of an organ |
| sphyxia | lack of oxygen or carbon dioxide |
| Pneumothorax | in pleural cavity (space) |
| Pneumothorax | air gathers in the pleural cavity (difficulty breathing, less oxygen) |
| auscultation | listening to sounds within the body |
| percussion | tapping on a surface to determine in the density of the underlying structure |
| rales (crackles) | fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the aveoli (air sacs of the lungs) |
| wheezes | continuous high pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| asthma | chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic condition of persistent obstruction of air flow through the bronchial tubes and lungs |
| COPD: Chronic Bronchitis | inflammation of tubes leading from the trachea (over a long period of time) |
| COPD: Emphysema | hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of aveolar walls |
| pneumonia | acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction |
| pulmonary edema | fluid in the air sacs |
| CHF | |
| embolus | blood clot |
| pulmonary infarction | area of necrosis (death of living tissue) |
| pulmonary embolism | clot or other material lodges in the vessels of the lung |
| tuberculosis (TB) | infectious disease caused by MYOBACTERIUM; lungs involved, but any organ may be affected (spread from person to person through air) |
| hemoptysis | spitting up blood symptom of TB (tuberculosis) |
| PPD Skin Test | a method used to diagnose tuberculosis infection |
| pleural effusion | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity) |
| bronchoscopy | fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes |
| endotracheal intubation | placement of a tube through your mouth into the pharnyx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway |
| thoracentisis | surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space |
| tracheostomy | surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck |
| tracheostomy tube | surgical procedure to create an opening through your neck into the trachea (windpipe) |
| CO2 | Carbon Dioxide |
| CTA | clear to auscultation |
| O2 | oxgyen |
| PPD | purified protein derivative (substance used in TB) |
| SOB | small cell lung cancer |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| tube thoractostomy | a flexible, plastic chest tube is passed into the pleural space through an opening of the chest |
Created by:
naldin1
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