Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P Ch6 Bone Tissue
Functions, structure, histology, blood to bone, formation, growth, homeostasis,
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| List 7 basic functions of the skeletal system. | Support, protect, assistance in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, and triglyceride storage. |
| The component of a long bone that stores energy is the: | Marrow |
| The epiphyseal growth plates(s), seen only in a growing bone, consist of: | Hyaline cartilage |
| This thin line is the remnant of the epiphyseal growth plate when a long bone ceases to grow in length: | Epiphyseal line |
| What are the correct percentages of compact and spongy bone tissue in the skeleton? | 80% compact bone and 20% spongy bone |
| How are osteons in compact bone tissue aligned? | Along lines of stress |
| Which zone of cartilage anchors the growth plate to the epiphysis? | Zone of resting cartilage |
| The renewal rate for compact bone tissue is: | 4% per year |
| This type of fracture is considered a partial fracture and is usually seen in children. | Greenstick |
| The stage of bone repair that follows the formation of the fracture hematoma is: | Formation of a fibrocartilaginous callus |
| What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone? | Stimulates osteoclasts to dissolve bone, releasing calcium |
| What are the two principal effects of aging on bone? | Demineralization and brittleness |
| What is the role of red bone marrow? | To produce red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets |
| The region of a long bone that is covered with articular cartilage where the bone articulates with another bone at a synovial joint is the: | Epiphysis |
| The anatomical name for the shaft of a long bone is: | Diaphysis |
| The thin layer of tissue covering the ends of bones in a synovial joint to reduce friction between them is the: | Articular cartilage |
| The layer of hyaline cartilage that allows a long bone to grow in length is called the: | Epiphyseal plate |
| This is the region in mature bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis: | Metaphysis |
| This is a lining found on bone that promotes bone growth in width: | Periosteum |
| The dense, irregular connective tissue that covers bone, except at its articular surface, is called: | Periosteum |
| Which is the correct order of maturation, from unspecialized to specialized? | Osteogenic, osteoblast, osteocyte |
| The bone-building cells? | Osteoblasts |
| The mature bone cells that maintain the health of bones? | Osteocytes |
| The bone-dissolving cells? | Osteoclasts |
| Which bone cells originate from the fusion of white blood cells called monocytes? | Osteoclasts |
| Where are osteons found? | Compact bone |
| Which of the following structures in compact bone contains osteocytes? | Lacunae |
| These are extensions of the lacunae in compact bone, and are filled with extracellular fluid. | Canaliculi |
| Where is spongy bone mostly found in a long bone? | In the epiphysis |
| The mechanism by which a long bone grows in width is called: | Appositional growth |
| Where does appositional bone growth occur? | Within the periosteum |
| Bone remodeling involves: | Bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone deposition by osteoblasts |
| Besides calcium, which of the following minerals is needed when bones are growing? | Phosphorus |
| During childhood, which of the following hormones is most important to bone growth? | Growth hormone |
| During development, which of the following cause a dramatic effect on bone growth? | Sex hormones |
| About 25% of all stress fractures involve which bone? | Tibia |
| Space within the shaft of the bone that contains yellow bone marrow | Articular cartilage |
| Triglyceride storage tissue | Yellow bone marrow |
| Hemopoietic tissue | Red bone marrow |
| Membrane lining the medullary cavity in a bone | Endosteum |
| Bundles of collagen fibres that attach periosteum to bone | Perforating (sharpey's) fibres |
| This decreases blood calcium levels by accelerating calcium deposition in bones and inhibiting osteoclast | Calcitonin (CT) |
| This is required for collagen synthesis | Vitamin c |
| Required for protein synthesis in Bones | Vitamin k |
| Active form of vitamin D;raises blood calcium levels by increasing absorption of calcium from digestive tract | Calcitriol |
| This raises blood calcium levels by increasing bone reabsorption | Parathyroid hormone (PTH) |
| Column like layer of mature chondrocytes is which cartilage zone | Zone of hypertrophic cartilage |
| Layer of small, scattered chondrocytes incurring the epiphyseal plate of the bone. Which cartilage zone is this? | Zone of resting cartilage |
| Leader of actively dividing chondrocytes. Which cartilage zone is this? | Zone of peroliferating cartilage |
| Region of dead chondrocytes. Which cartilage zone is this? | Zone of calcified cartilage |
| A broken bone in which one end of the fractured bone is driven into the other end | Impacted fracture |
| Splintered bone with smaller fragments line between main fragments | Comminuted fracture |
| An infection of the bone | Osteomyelitis |
| A condition characterized by failure of new bone formed by remodeling to calcify in adults | Osteomalacia |
| Small space between lamellae that contains osteocytes | |
| Lacunae | |
| Perforating canals that penetrate compact bone; carry blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves from the periosteum | Volkmann's canals |
| Areas between osteons; fragments of old osteons | Interstitial lamellae |
| Microscopic unit of compact bone tissue | Osteon (haversian system) |
| Canal's that extend longitudinally through the bone and connect blood vessels and nerves to the osteocytes | Haversian (Central canals) |
| Irregular lattice of thin columns of bone found in spongy bone tissue | Trabeculae |
| Rings of hard calcified matrix founded just beneath the periosteum and in the medullary cavity | Circumferential lamellae |
| Unspecialized stem cells derived from mesenchyme | Osteogenic cells |
| Bone growth in length is called | Interstitial growth |
Created by:
A&Pmanualtherapies
Popular AP Human Geography sets