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Religions Section 1

World Religions: The Beginnings of Judaism

QuestionAnswer
What is the religion of the Hebrews (practiced by Jews today); it is the world's oldest monotheistic religion? Judaism
Who did God tell to leave his home in Mesopotamia? Abraham
Who did God tell to lead the Israelites out of Egypt? Moses
What was the journey of the Israelites, led by Moses, from Egypt to Canaan after they were freed from slavery? The Exodus
In the Bible, what was the code of moral laws given to Moses by God? The Ten Commandments
In Judaism, who was the man who was once an outlaw that became king? David
Who was King David's son who became king in about 965 B.C.? Solomon
What was the dispersal of the Jews outside of Judah after the Babylonian Captivity called? The Diaspora
Name 4 similarities between Abraham and Moses. (1) God spoke to both of them and told them what to do (2) They were both important men in Jewish history (3) God told them both to go to Canaan (the promised land) (4) They both led a major migration (movement) of their people
Abraham vs. Moses: Where did they each start? Abraham started in Mesopotamia and Moses started in Egypt.
Abraham vs. Moses: What were they each told by God? What was it called? Abraham was told by God to move to Canaan, he was promised his descendants would be a great nation. Called the Covenant. Moses was told by God to free the Israelites from slavery in Egypt. Called the Exodus.
Abraham vs. Moses: When did each story happen? Abraham came first, around 2100 B.C. Moses's story happened hundreds of years after Abraham, around 120 B.C.
What happened after Moses led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt? God made them wander in the wilderness for 40 years because they kept disobeying. Moses received the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai. Moses didn't live to see the Israelites return to the promised land; Joshua led them to freedom after Moses's death.
Who were the 3 most prominent kings of Israel? King Saul, King David, and King Solomon
Describe the reign of King Saul. Saul was the first king of Israel. He led an army against the Philistines. He was not a strong king, but he was a good military leader. He soon lost the support of the people.
Describe the reign of King David. David was a shepherd, an outlaw, and a poet. He killed the giant Goliath. He was a strong military leader and the people LOVED him. Saul made him an outlaw because he was jealous of him. David became king after Saul died. He then established a new capital in Jerusalem.
Describe the reign of King Solomon. Solomon was David's son. He expanded the kingdom by gaining wealth through trade. He was a strong king who united nearby kingdoms and made them allies. He built huge temples. After his death, Israel split into two kingdoms, Israel and Judah.
Describe the order in which Israel was conquered after King Solomon's death. (1) Israel split into 2 kingdoms- Israel & Judah. (2) Israel was conquered by the Assyrians (3) The Assyrians and Judah were conquered by the Chaldeans- many Jews taken to Babylon as slaves- the Babylonian Captivity (4) The Chaldeans were conquered by the Persians- they let the Jews return to Jerusalem, but many scattered in the Diaspora (5) The Persians were conquered by the Greeks (6) For about 100 years, the Maccabees regained control of Jerusalem (7) The Romans conquered everything in 63 B.C.
What was the role of Women in Israelite society? Women had few rights. They must obey their father and husband. They couldn't choose their own husband and they couldn't inherit property unless they had no brothers.
Name 4 famous Hebrew women and what their accomplishments were. (1) Queen Esther: political & military leader, saved the Hebrews from their enemies (2) Deborah: a judge, political & military leader, saved the Hebrews from their enemies (3) Miriam: sister of Moses, spiritual leader (4) Ruth: a model of devotion to one's family, especially her mother-in-law Naomi
How did David and Solomon strengthen the kingdom of Israel? Ruling with the full support of the people, conquering enemies, and adding land.
What happened during the Babylonian Captivity? The Chaldeans captured Jerusalem, destroyed Solomon's Temple, and enslaved may Jews.
How did Ruth and Naomi set an example for other Israelites? Ruth's commitment to Naomi served as a model for how to treat family members.
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