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Government and Laws

Covers various civilizations: Review

TermDefinition
hereditary rulers When power is passed down within a single family; aka monarchy.
imperial bureaucracy When an emperor chooses governors to help him rule. Example: Persian Empire
direct democracy When citizens vote for laws. Example, Athens, Greece.
republican democracy When citizens vote for representatives. Example: Roman Empire.
imperial monarchy When an emperor has total power. Examples: Roman Empire, Han Empire, Gupta Empire, Byzantine Empire.
religious authorities When a god or a priest rules. Examples: Egypt, Mesopotamia.
Hammurabi's Code The first written legal code. "Eye for an eye".
Laws of the 12 Tables Roman legal code that protected rights like, "innocent until proven guilty."
Justinian's Code The Byzantine emperor Justianian codified [organized into a book] the Laws of the 12 Tables.
Mandate of Heaven Chinese idea about hereditary rulers. A fmily can keep power as long as they are just [fair] rulers.
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