Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Stack #298216
Ch.11:The Americas on the Eve of Invasion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Indian | misnomer created by Columbus referring to the indigenous peoples of the New World; implies social and ethnic commonality among Native Americans that did not exist; still used to apply to Native Americans |
| Toltec culture | succeeded Teotihuacan culture in central Mexico; strongly militaristic ethic including human sacrifice; influenced large territory after 1000 C.E.; declined after 1200 C.E. |
| Topiltzin | religious leader and reformer of the Toltecs; dedicated to god Quetzalcoatl; after losing struggle for power, went into exile in the Yucatan peninsula |
| Quetzalcoatl | Toltec deity; Feathered Serpent; adopted by Aztecs as a major god |
| Tenochtitlan | founded c. 1325 on marshy island in Lake Texcoco; became center of Aztec power; joined with Tlacopan and Texcoco in 1434 to form a triple alliance that controlled most of central plateau of Mesoamerica |
| Tlaloc | Major god of Aztecs; associated with fertility and the agricultural cycle; god of rain |
| Huitzilopochitli | Aztec tribal patron god; central figure of cult of human sacrifice and warfare; identified with old sun god |
| Nezhaulcoyotl | leading Aztec king of the 15th century |
| chinampas | beds of aquatic weeds, mud, and earth placed in frames made of cane and rooted in lake to create “floating islands”; system of irrigated agriculture utilized by Aztecs |
| pochtea | special merchant class in Aztec society; specialized in long-distance trade in luxury items |
| calpulli | clans in Aztec society, later expanded to include residential groups that distributed land and provided labor and warriors |
| Pachacuti | ruler of Inca society from 1438-1471; launched a series of military campaigns that gave Incas control of the region from Cuzco to the shores of Lake Titicaca |
| Twantinsuyu | word for the Inca Empire; region from present-day Colombia to Chile and eastward to northern Argentina |
| split inheritance | Inca practice of descent; all titles and political power went to successor, but wealth and land remained in hands of male descendants for support of cult of dead Inca’s mummy |
| Temple of the Sun | Inca religious center located at Cuzco; center of state religion; held mummies of past Incas |
| tambos | way stations used by Incas as inns and storehouses; supply centers for Inca armies on move; relay points for system of runners used to carry messages |
| yanas | a class of people within Inca society removed from their ayllus to serve permanently as servants, artisan, or workers for the Inca or the Inca nobility |
| mita | labor extracted for lands assigned to the state and the religion; all communities were expected to contribute; an essential aspect of Inca imperial control |
| Inca socialism | a view created by Spanish authors to describe Inca society as a type of utopia; image of the Inca Empire as a carefully organized system in which every community collectively contributed to the whole |
| quipu | system of knotted strings utilized by the Incas in place of a writing system; could contain numerical and other types of information for censuses and financial records |
Created by:
NicaGurl12
Popular World History sets