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SOL Review: Unit 1-3
Historical Skills, Early Man, RVCs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What shaped the lives of early hunter-gatherer societies? | the physical environment |
| Where did homo sapiens emerge? | East Africa |
| When did homo sapiens emerge? | Between 100,000 and 400,000 years ago |
| Where did homo sapiens migrate to? | Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas |
| What did early humans' survival depend on? | the availability of wild plants and animals |
| What did early humans develop that helped them overcome the limits set by the physical environment? | culture |
| What are the characteristics of the Paleolithic societies? | 1) nomadic; migrating in search of food, water, and shelter 2) invented the first tools and simple weapons 3) learned how to make and use fire 4) developed oral language 5) created cave art |
| What did Neolithic societies develop that was a major step in the advancement of human social organization? | agriculture and permanent settlements |
| What are the characteristics of the Neolithic societies? | 1) developed agriculture 2) domesticated animals 3) used advanced tools 4) made pottery 5) developed weaving skills |
| What do archaeologists study to learn about past cultures? | human remains, settlements, fossils, and artifacts |
| What do archaeologists use to analyze fossils and artifacts? | scientific tests, such as radio carbon dating |
| What is an example of an archaeological site in England that was begun during the Neolithic Age and completed during the Bronze Age? | Stonehenge |
| What are examples of early cities in the Fertile Crescent that are studied by archaeologists? | Aleppo and Jericho |
| What is an example of a Neolithic settlement currently under excavation in Anatolia? | Catalhoyuk |
| During the New Stone Age, were did permanent settlements appear? | River valleys and around the Fertile Crescent |
| Why did people settle in river valleys? | 1) offered rich soil 2) provided irrigation water 3) tended to be in locations easily protected from invasions |
| When did early river valley civilizations first appear? | about 3500 to 500 BC |
| Where did the Mesopotamian civilization develop? | Tigris and Euphrates River Valleys (Southwest Asia) |
| Where did the Egyptian civilization develop? | Nile River Valley and Nile Delta (Africa) |
| Where did the Indian civilization develop? | Indus River Valley (South Asia) |
| Where did the Chinese civilization develop? | Huang He Valley (East Asia) |
| When did the Hebrews and Phoenicians appear? | about 2000 to 500 BC |
| Which civilization settled between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River Valley? | Hebrews |
| Which civilization settled along the Mediterranean coast? | Phoenicians |
| What social patterns were developed by river valley civilizations? | 1) Hereditary rulers 2) Rigid class system where slavery was accepted |
| What is a dynasty? | A family of rulers |
| Who ruled in Egypt? | Pharaohs |
| What political patterns were developed by river valley civilizations? | 1) World's first states (i.e. city-states, kingdoms, empires) 2) Centralized government, often based on religious authority 3) Written law codes |
| What are the Ten Commandments? | Written law code of the Hebrews which state moral and religious conduct of Jews |
| What is the Code of Hammurabi? | Written law code created by King Hammurabi |
| What economic patterns were developed by river valley civilizations? | 1) Use of metal tools and weapons 2) Increasing agricultural surplus: better tools, plows, irrigation 3) Increasing trade along rivers and by the sea (Phoenicians) 4) Development of the world's first cities 5) Development of the practice of slavery |
| What type of religion was practiced by most early civilizations? | Polytheism |
| What type of religion did the Hebrews practice? | Monotheism/Judaism |
| What continued to influence Hebrew monotheism, but decreased in influence over time? | Mesopotamian religion |
| What played a major part of life in all early civilizations | Religion |
| Who is the founder of Judaism? | Abraham |
| What is the foundation of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam? | Monotheism |
| Who were the first to become monotheists? | Hebrews |
| Who is Moses? | Received the Ten Commandments from God on Mt. Sinai |
| What are the beliefs, traditions, and customs of Judaism? | 1) Belief in one God 2) Torah 3) Ten Commandments 4) Covenant |
| What is the Torah? | Hebrew holy book which contains the written records and beliefs of the Jews |
| What is a covenant? | A sacred promise or vow |
| What spread Judaism? | Exile and diaspora |
| What did early civilizations develop that facilitated the preservation and spread of knowledge? | Language and writing |
| What are pictograms? | Earliest written symbols |
| What written language was developed by Egypt? | Hieroglyphics |
| What written language was developed by Sumer? | Cuneiform |
| What written language was developed by Phoenicia? | Alphabet |
| What written language was developed by India? | Sanskrit |
| What written language was developed by China? | Oracle bone script |
| What is an artifact? | An object or tool that tells us about the people from the past. |
| What is a primary source? | An artifact, document, image, or other source of information that was created during the time under study. |
| What is a secondary source? | A document, image, or other source of information that relates or discusses information originally presented elsewhere. |
| What are the Five Themes of Geography? | Location, Place, Region, Movement, and Human-Environment Interaction |
| What is location? | Defined according to its position on the earth's surface; where is it? |
| What is place? | Locations having distinctive features that give them meaning and character that differ from other locations; what is it like? |
| What is region? | A unit on the earth's surface that has unifying characteristics; how are places similar or different? |
| What is movement? | The way people, products, and information move from one place to another; how do people, goods, and ideas move from one location to another? |
| What is human-environment interaction? | The relationship between people and their environment; how do people relate to the physical world? |
Created by:
rafterj
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