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Path Respiratory
Pathologies of the Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asthma | chronic, inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by bronchial obstruction in susceptible persons |
| Common Cold | acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract mucosa, usually confined to the nose and throat, although the larynx can be involved as well |
| Emphysema | permanent enlargement of lower airways accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls, affecting its elasticity |
| Influenza | acute, highly contagious viral infection of the upper respiratory tract, but it can extend into the lower respiratory tract |
| Laryngeal cancer | the development of malignant growths on and around the larynx |
| Lung Cancer | malignancy of the lungs |
| Pneumonia | inflammation of the lungs, usually due to an infectious agent |
| Sinusitis | a condition in which themucous membranes that line the nasal sinuses becomeinflamed and swollen. It can be due to infectious or noninfectious causes. |
| Tuberculosis | disease involving pus- and bacteria-filled bumps, usually in the lungs but sometimes in other locations as well.; can be latent (non-contagious, inactive, no symptoms) or active (contagious, symptomatic); active infection can be fatal |
| Acute bronchitis | self-limiting inflammation of the respiratory tract, specif-ically of the bronchial tree |
| Chronic bronchitis | long-term irritation of the bronchi andbronchioles, which may occur with or without infection |
| Avian flu | a group of viruses that passesfrom wild water birds to domestic poultry, has passed from birds to humans in rare cases |
| Swine flu | viruses that pass among pigs, able to pass to humans, H1N1 outbreak had extreme and fatal consequences |
| Pleurisy | scar tissue develops between layers of lung tissue leading to pain and limited movement with each breath |
| Noninfectious sinusitis | Also called allergic rhinitis, or hay fever, this causes inflammation of the sinus membranes without underlying infection |
| Infectious sinusitis | a pathogenic invasion followed by an inflammatory response that creates a vicious cycle of excessive mucus and build up of bacteria that is difficult to clear |
| Bronchial asthma | most versions of asthma that involve tight bronhioles and excessive mucus production and wheezing during episodes |
| Allergic asthma | a trigger for an asthmatic episode is an allergic response to environmental factors such as mold spores, dust mites, animal allergens, and some foods |
| Occupational asthma | Triggers for occupationalasthma include factors such as smoke, fumes, gases,and pollutants. |
| Exercise-induced asthma | occurs with physical exertion, although symptoms are some-times delayed for several hours |
| Silent asthma | no symptoms war of an impending episode, but suddenly the patient is dangerously short of breath |
| Cough-variant asthma | this form shows coughing alone as its primary symptom. it is frequently worst in the middle of the night |
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