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ALL THE DISEASES II
vagina on
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Clear cell carcinoma (vaginal) | unlike ovarian this arises in young women whose mothers used DES (glands of clear cells that HOBNOB (nucleus protrudes out)) |
| Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma | sarcoma of primitive skeletal muscle cells in children |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma botryoid | tends to occur in vagina and bladder (grape like) protrudes from the vagina with cambian growth patter (treelike) 50% 5year |
| Endocervical Polyp | BENIGN cervical lesion from the os can cause post coital bleeding (endothelium over thich walled blood vessel |
| Adenocarcinoma in situ | Premalignant cervical lesion- in transformation zone associated with HPV, nuclear enlargement with loss of cytoplasm |
| HSV2 | a virus that causes non-painful vesicles and shallow excruciatign ulcerations |
| Vulvular cysts Bartholin’s Gland | hard to palpitation hiding behind the labia minora may mimick malignancy |
| Non-infectious cervicitis can be caused by? | chemical, mechanical damage but is often asymptomatic with infiltrate and squamous metaplasia |
| Lichensclerosis et Atrophicus | common cause of white changes in the vulva most often in post menopausal women may be painful Parchment paper like lesions |
| Padget’s disease | red eczematous with irregular borders in older women this is an intraepithelial proliferation of Malignant gland like cells that rarely invade below stroma thought to be sebaceous gland |
| Melanoma | padgetoid spread of nest cells (10% of vulvar malignancies) |
| Acute endometriosis | often s. aureus, strep or gonorrhea that occurs postpartum or post abortion (remaining placental parts) |
| Chronic endometriosis | may be due to infections (chlam or gon) or trauma from IUD or leiomyomata emboli |
| Endometrial Polyp | common benign may cause irregular bleeding |
| Adenomyosis | when ENDOMETRIAL gland is found within the MYOMETRIUM |
| Endometrial Hyperplasia | in perimenopausal women as a result of increased estrogen due to proliferation of the glands |
| Endometrial Adenocarcinoma | 4th most frequent cancer in women with excess estrogen being the main association based on obesity, therapy, age of menopause, anovulation, tamoxifen) |
| Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma | hyperplasial version of endometrial adenocarcinoma |
| Uterine papillary serous carcinoma | worse prognosis atrophic version of endometrial adenocarcinoma |
| Leiomyomas | benign fibroids MOST COMMON NEOPLASM IN WOMEN (25% of premenopausal) |
| Leiomyosarcomas | Malignant mets to lung liver and brain within 2 years of diagnosis unlike leiomyomas they have focal hemorrhage necrosis and cytological atypia |
| Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor | often in elderly women with polypoid mass coming from the endometrium and protruding through the cervix (poor prog - mix of leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma) |
| Fallopian tube diseases | acute salpingitis, endometriosis, primary fallopian tube carcinoma |
| acute salpingitis | PID from chlam, gon, E.Coli, myoplasma, and anaerobic bacteria can progress to infertility and ectopic pregnancy risk |
| endometriosis | endometrial tissue outside of the uterus in the fallopian tube cycles normally |
| how do you get endometriosis | metaplasia, benign metastaisis, and backwash |
| Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma | rare <1% of malignancies looks like the serous papilary tumor of the ovary |
| what are the benign cysts of the ovary | follicular, luteal, and polycystic ovarian |
| folicular cysts | benign cysts in the ovary composed of granulose cells and outer thecal cells with high estrogen resulting in endometrial hyperplasia and bleeding |
| Luteal cysts | benign cysts in the ovary from persistant corpus albicanta (especially during pregnancy) that secretes progesterone resulting in menstral irregularities and a mass |
| Polycystic ovarian disease | Stein Leventhal disease of women in their 20s and 30s characterized by a LH surge which increases estrogen and testosterone (insulin resistance, hierutism, infertility, irregular cycles |
| what are the three neoplasms of the ovary | surface, sex cord, and germ cell |
| what are the surface neoplasms of the ovary | serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell and brenners |
| Serous papilloma | a surface neoplasm of the ovary which may have PAPILLOMA BODIES with ciliated columnar cells can be bilateral and is often malignant 5 yr<50% |
| two types of serous papilloma surface neoplasm of the ovary | Adenoma (smooth) and carcinoma (cystic and solid) |
| Mucinous tumor | surface neoplasm of the ovary often multifocal filled with mucin and made of intestinal or endocervical cells with goblets |
| Pseudomyxoma peritoneii | Jelly Belly- mucin in the abdominal cavity from the appendicular or ovarian primary but even though you can remove it the 5 year is still only 5% due to adhesion and abcess |
| endometrioid tumor | surface neoplasm of the ovary benign with 15% being a primary with another primary in the uterus |
| Clear Cell carcinoma of the ovary | this presents in older women it is a cyst adenoma with lots of cytoplasm and hobnob nuclei |
| Brenner's | Most benign but you do get malignant Bladder like |
| waht are the ovarian germ cells tumors of the ovary | Teratoma, Gysgerminoma, Yolk Sac, Embryonal, Choriocarcinoma |
| Teratoma of the Ovary | dermoid cysts with tissue from different layers from various layers may be mature (cystic) or immature (solid) may go malignant but not likely |
| gliomatosis peritonei | when there is a neural teratoma that ruptures into the peritonium |
| Dysgerminoma | Malignant tumor of the ovary (like the testicular seminoma) that forms in women in their 20s and 30s it is unilateral with an excellent prognosis and is radiosensitive ALSO SECRETES B-HCG (why it is like testicular seminoma) |
| Yolk Sac Tumor of the Ovary | Malignant Endometrial Sinus Tumor with Schiller Duvall Bodies in adolescent and young women secretes alpha fetal protein |
Created by:
jmuame03
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