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PATH: Lipids
Some picky lipid points
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the pattern of CHD in this country (incidence and death) | Incidence increasing death percentage decreasing |
| how is cholesterol distributed between HDL and LDL | 70% LDL and 30% HDL |
| for those with a cholesterol above 250 what benefit is achieved with a 1% reduction in risk factor | 2% |
| how much HDL to you gain by quitting smoking | 2-3 mg |
| how much HDL do you gain by losing weight and becoming active | 5-10 mg |
| what causes oxidized LDL | transition metals |
| what is the problem with oxidized LDL | it is taken up by macrophages more readily rsulting in more foam cells |
| patients with atherosclerois are more likely to have these? | oxidized LDLs and Abs to oxidized LDL |
| what are antioxidants | Vit A,C,E, B carotene, and probucol |
| ApoA1 interacts with? | LCAT to make CE in the plasma |
| What is more common in those with MIs LDL in the 95th percentile or ApoB100 in the 95th percentile | ApoB100 is more likely to be elevated twice as likely |
| LpA ? | LDL like interacts with Apoa and is very much like plasminogen - works to inhibit clot lysis via competition |
| Oxidized LpA (lipoprotein) | more readily taken up and foamified |
| how is ApoA determined genetically | the larger the genome the smaller the conc in the blood |
| what does homocystein produce | superoxides and H202 |
| what does Homocysteine increase | serum clotting factor and platelet aggregation |
| what does homocystein inhibiti | small vessel dilation |
| what effect does homocysteine have on smooth muscles | increases proliferation |
| what happens when homocysteine inteacts with LDL | Homocysteine-LDL thiolactones become foam cells in early plaque |
| how do you treat homocystein | Folate, B6, B12 |
| what increases the amout of C-reactive protein | IL-6 |
| what increases IL-6 | IL-1, TNF, INFy |
| what does the conc of C-reactive protein indicate | the level of endothelial damage |
| what is a cause for high CRP | inflammation anywhere or chronic infection |
Created by:
jmuame03
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