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Pre-AP History
Unit 1 Study Q&A Discovery
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Primary source | First hand account |
| Irrigation | System that supplies dry land with water through ditched, pipes, or streams. |
| Secondary source | Second hand account |
| Historical bias | Emotional judgement, unreasoned |
| artifact | An object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest. |
| decade | 10 yrs |
| century | 100 yrs |
| millenium | 1000 yrs |
| Prehistory | Period of time before written records. |
| Julian Calendar | 365 days; leap yr every 4th; lose 1 day every 100 yrs |
| Gregorian Calendar | 365 days; leap yr every 4th; lose 1 day every 1000 yrs |
| B.C./BCE | Before Christ/Before Common Era |
| A.D./CE | After Death/Common Era |
| GRAPES (what does each letter stand for?) | G-Geography; R-Religious; A-Achievements; P-Politics; E-Economic; S-Social Structure |
| Paleolithic | Greek: Old Stone; 2.5-1.5 million yrs ago -- 8000 BCE; Invented fire, stone tools, cave paintings, and spoken language; Gender Equality; relating to the earliest period of the Stone Age. |
| Technology | An ability gained by the practical use of knowledge. |
| Ice Ages | A time when glaciers covered much of the Earth. |
| Nomad | People who move from place to place as a group to find food for themselves. |
| Neolithic Revolution | Agricultural Revolution, creation of agriculture |
| Neolithic Age | Greek: New Stone; 8000-4000 BCE; Invented agriculture, domestication, surplus, civilization, CAARS; relating to the latest Stone Age. |
| Domestication | To adapt an animal to living with humans for the advantage of humans. |
| Specialization | Act of training for a particular job. |
| How do historians study history? How can they ensure they are recording the truth? | Historians use primary sources and secondary sources to study history. They ensure they are recording the truth by using the least biased source. |
| What factors can lead to historical bias? | Ex. Politics, Religion, social status, age, gender/sexuality, nationality/race, culture, education/knowledge, etc. |
| GRAPES - understand not only what each letter stands for, but what each category entails (for example, achievements include technology, scientific and mathematic advancements, philosophy, architecture, art, literature, writing, and inventions). | G(features, present day location, & complications); R(holy books, beliefs, religious moral, & burial practices); A(Ideas/Inventions/Art); P(leaders, government, wars); E(money, business, trade goods, trade partners); S(family, gender, class, lifestyle) |
| Early Migrations: Where humans originated, how and why they migrated. | Homo Erectus originated from Africa to Eurasia 1 million yrs; Homo Sapiens originated from Africa to Eurasia 200,000 yrs ago |
| Compare and contrast Paleolithic and Neolithic Eras (food, shelter, lifestyle, changing gender and social roles). | Differences: Paleolithic; Hunters and Gatherers; Neolithic; Civilizations and specialization |
| Significance of Neolithic Revolution - advantages and disadvantages. | Advantages: Surpluses, CAARS, agriculture, & domestication Disadvantages: less equality for women and diversity between race, etc. |
| Early civilizations: examples and what makes a civilization? (CAARS) | C-Complex institutions, A-Advanced technology, A-Advanced cities, R-Records, S-Specialization |
| Significance of a written law code. | Having a written law code allows people to know what not to do and the government cannot make up fake laws. |
| GRAPES of Mesopotamia | G-There are two rivers, Tigris and Euphrates; R-Believed in7 gods; A-invented the wheel, plow, irrigation, and cunieform; P-Ruled by kings; E-Trade and commerce because farmers learned to irrigate their land; S-Kings, Priest, Scribes, Farmers, and Slaves. |
| Advantages and disadvantages of Mesopotamia’s geography. | Advantages: In the Fertile Crescent, and between two rivers; Disadvantages: unpredictable flooding, and unpredictable droughts |
| Inventions and government of Sumer. | Inventions: The wheel, plow, irrigation, and cuneiform; Government: One king per city-state, one priest per city-state |
| Know about each empire AND the correct chronology: Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Chaldean, Persian | Akkadian-First empire, King Sargon; Babylonian-King Nebuchadnezzar, richest city, complex irrigation; Assyrian-Powerful military, large empire, provinces; Chaldean-Taken over by Persians but kept their culture; Persian-Royal Road, Postal system |
| Contributions of the Phoenicians | The Phoenicians were famous for ship building, purple dye, blowing glass, and an alphabet that was slightly different from ours. |
| Babylon: Who made it the richest city in the world? How was he able to do this? | King Nebuchadnezzar made it the richest city in the world by making huge bricks surrounding the city and having soldiers watch the city. He also created hanging gardens for his wife. |
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23ayre
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